로뻬 연극에 등장하는 ‘그라시오소’의 다양한 유형들에 대한 고찰

Abstract

‘Teatro nacional’, which took a new turn led by Lope, and the plays ‘comedia nueva’, which form the ‘Teatro nacional’, truly started radical reformations in many aspects that can be identified as shocking at the time. However, among radical reformations, the thing that influenced the future generation of plays the most is the creation of conventional theatrical characters. Lope established various types of conventional characters in his plays. Among them, ‘galan’, the male protagonist, and ‘gracioso’, the servant or the companion, are the very conventional and significant characters of ‘comedia nueva’, Lope’s creation. These ‘galan’ and ‘gracioso’ may display a symmetry or opposition in the play, or could be complementary to each other. They prevent the mood of the play from becoming too simple or progressing in a single direction, and make the nature of the theatrical incident more interesting and diversified. ‘Gracioso’ is the opposite character of ‘galan’, but he cannot be separated from him and always think how to avoid danger because he is a coward. He can be characterized as the one who is loyal to his master, who has a cheerful personality, who desires money he cannot possess, who longs for a luxurious life such as over-drinking and over-sleeping, and so forth. However, apart from these stereotyped characteristics, ‘gracioso’ shows a number of different faces. Sometimes he shows his noble features, but at times he purely seeks for material love and falls in love with his master. In occasion, he does not love anyone at all. Also, he possesses an excellent sense of facing up the reality, and through this, he is sometimes portrayed as a superb and trustworthy advisor by giving a practical advice to his master, who flusters oneself after being disillusioned from the fantasy. The character of ‘gracioso’ could be changed variously along with the disposition of ‘galan’.