식민극복을 위한 모리슨(Toni Morrison)과 월콧(Derek Walcott)의 생태미학
Toni Morrison's and Derek Walcott's Eco-Aesthetics for Decolonialism
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This study aims to discuss Toni Morrison's and Derek Walcott's Eco-aesthetics from decolonial perspectives. Morrison's and Walcott's eco-perspectives on colonialism and slavery severely, like those of ecocritics, criticize Western colonists' or capitalists' instrumented thoughts and cultural heritages; absolutism, mammonism, egoism, racism, and class distinctions. In Tar Baby, Morrison opens the novel on a Caribbean island, which has been colonized and exploited by Western imperialists and capitalists. And she critically presents character Valerian Street, a white American retiree from Philadelphia and owner of a candy empire. The American retiree characteristically represents White male-dominant thoughts and values prevalent in rationalism-based Western societies. He has exploited Caribbean nature and natives, like the early colonialists who exploited the natural resources and Caribbean workforce without proper compensation. He produced cookies and candies from cocoa and sugar which were grown and harvested by the natives on the island, but he did not compensate the natives for their labour and use of resources. Morrison also lets the husband-wife and master-slaver come to the critical surface, and then presents more sharply critical view of the wife's and the two slaves' paralyzed identities than that of their masters' imperialism and mamonism. Similarly, Walcott criticizes the white colonialists and then the Caribbean black nationalists who have copied the white colonists' or masters' practices in the poems, such as “Prelude", “Crusoe's Island", “The Star-apple Kingdom", “The Green Night", Another Life, and Omeros, He believe that no Western god can cure the painful wounds of the Caribbean people. Morrison and Walcott share healing perspectives coming from return to the primitive spirit and myths of Caribbean nature, which simultaneously represents both the lonely, painful knowledge learned from aching isolation, as well as the mutually coordinated fulfillment of human and ecological values. Yet, the truth that shouldn't be forgotten is that the human-natural and physical-spiritual fulfillment of characters wouldn't mean an everlasting cure for their wounds, without struggle and self-willful efforts.
Abstract
This study aims to discuss Toni Morrison's and Derek Walcott's Eco-aesthetics from decolonial perspectives. Morrison's and Walcott's eco-perspectives on colonialism and slavery severely, like those of ecocritics, criticize Western colonists' or capitalists' instrumented thoughts and cultural heritages; absolutism, mammonism, egoism, racism, and class distinctions. In Tar Baby, Morrison opens the novel on a Caribbean island, which has been colonized and exploited by Western imperialists and capitalists. And she critically presents character Valerian Street, a white American retiree from Philadelphia and owner of a candy empire. The American retiree characteristically represents White male-dominant thoughts and values prevalent in rationalism-based Western societies. He has exploited Caribbean nature and natives, like the early colonialists who exploited the natural resources and Caribbean workforce without proper compensation. He produced cookies and candies from cocoa and sugar which were grown and harvested by the natives on the island, but he did not compensate the natives for their labour and use of resources. Morrison also lets the husband-wife and master-slaver come to the critical surface, and then presents more sharply critical view of the wife's and the two slaves' paralyzed identities than that of their masters' imperialism and mamonism. Similarly, Walcott criticizes the white colonialists and then the Caribbean black nationalists who have copied the white colonists' or masters' practices in the poems, such as “Prelude", “Crusoe's Island", “The Star-apple Kingdom", “The Green Night", Another Life, and Omeros, He believe that no Western god can cure the painful wounds of the Caribbean people. Morrison and Walcott share healing perspectives coming from return to the primitive spirit and myths of Caribbean nature, which simultaneously represents both the lonely, painful knowledge learned from aching isolation, as well as the mutually coordinated fulfillment of human and ecological values. Yet, the truth that shouldn't be forgotten is that the human-natural and physical-spiritual fulfillment of characters wouldn't mean an everlasting cure for their wounds, without struggle and self-willful efforts.
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