아프라 벤과 식민주의: 「오루노코」와 「과부 랜터」를 중심으로
Aphra Behn and Colonialism: Oroonoko and The Widow Ranter
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Abstract
Colonialism in Aphra Behn does not appear to invite another discussion, as so many critics have pointed out the limits and fissures, racist attitude, and royalist allegory in Behn’s novella and plays. However, they have not given enough justice to the fact that her novellas and plays should be placed in the historical context of the late 17th century attitude towards colony, slavery, and ‘other’ races and civilizations. Against the mainstream of the 17th century’s expansionism and mercantilism, Behn’s Oroonoko and The Widow Ranter depict other races like native Americans and African slaves as unfortunate heroes(or heroines) with dignity and noble hearts. While Behn seems to endorse the slavery and the mode of production based on slave trade and slave labor, her works also displays inconsistency, leading to an embryo of satire of British colonialism. Behn depicts British colonialists as mavericks, ruffians or runaway criminals who duplicate or reproduce the corruption and cruelty of the British society. They are not so decent as native Americans or the black prince. They are much more evil and cruel creatures than Indians or Africans. Even though Behn makes her characters mere stereotypes, she does not show any sympathy towards those white colonizers. It’s fairly easy to point out Behn’s racist, colonialist attitude. However, it also should be remembered that the boundary of colonialism is not so easy to cross, and that the progress toward post-colonial awareness is a long, tiring, and sometimes complicated one.
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