18세기 문인들의 백제회고시 연구

Abstract

This study aims to examine the current status, content, and literary characteristics of the Baekje reminiscence poems written by literary figures throughout history, with a focus on those written in the 18th century. Baekje reminiscence poems are those written about places related to Baekje’s history, such as Buyeo, and during the 18th century, 50 Poems under 47 Titles(題) were written, including Park Tae-mu(朴泰茂)’s ‘On the Boat in Baekma River(白馬江舟中)’. The main themes of these poems include feelings of impermanence and indifference towards history. The literary historical characteristics of the Baekje reminiscence poems written by 18th-century writers are as follows: First, there is a change in the form of Baekje reminiscence poems. These poems are generally more narrative than lyrical, so they were traditionally written in classical forms like regulated verse(律詩) or parallel rhyme(換韻). However, of the 50 Baekje reminiscence poems written in the 18th century, 44 were written in quatrains(絶句) or regulated verse(律詩). The reason for this is that the social atmosphere of the time shifted from emphasizing collective values to prioritizing individual thought, which led to a focus more on a sense of impermanence and indifference toward history, rather than assigning meaning to the past for the purpose of reflection and warning. Second, there is a change in the status of the poets. Prior to the 18th century, Baekje reminiscence poems were mainly written by government officials, such as the governor of Chungcheong Province(忠淸道觀察使), who would visit Buyeo as part of their official duties. However, in the 18th century, the poets were primarily private citizens who traveled to Buyeo for leisure, indicating that the expansion of travel due to economic prosperity was becoming more common during this period. Third, there is an expansion of both the places and figures mentioned in the Baekje reminiscence poems. Before the 18th century, the locations of these poems were primarily centered around Buyeo, such as the Baekma River(白馬江), but in the 18th century, the scope expanded to include other places like Ungjin(熊津, Gongju), as seen in Lee Ha-gon(李夏坤)’s ‘Hyeongjin Huigo(熊津懷古)’. Additionally, the individuals subject to retrospection were limited to figures from Baekje history, such as King Uija, in the Baekje retrospective poems written before the 17th century. However, by the 18th century, this scope expanded to include figures such as Su Dingfang(蘇定方), the commander of the Tang Dynasty’s expeditionary forces. Fourth, there is a deepening sense of indifference and disillusionment with history. Similar to the 17th century, the Baekje reminiscence poems written in the 18th century primarily reflect a sense of transience and indifference toward history. This suggests that, like the previous century, extreme political divisions continued during the 18th century. Furthermore, just as in the 17th century, no poems were written to glorify figures like Seong Chung(成忠), which can be attributed to the political and social atmosphere of the time.