진화론의 발생: 『프랑켄슈타인』 과 『지킬박사와 하이드』사이
Development of Evolutionary Theory: Between Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
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Contrasting from other realist novels which formed the mainstream of the time, Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde begot a novel by inserting an important fictional situation that seemed impossible in reality. After producing a novel through the extension of imagination based on a scientific experiment, these two novels draw the rest of the story within quite realistic tracks. This technique helps these two novels to deal with a big frame which not only throws a fundamental skepticism at existing views of god or nature but also questions the special origins of humanity or the possibility of historical development. For such reasons, the two novels are adequate for thinking about the influence of science upon novels and especially, an analysis from an evolutionary perspective. The perspective of evolutionary theory is significant in that its distinction from existing criticisms is very evident in aspects of standing out modern science developments and showing the interaction between science and the novel. The period between Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a time unparalleled in history in which the evolutionary theory was produced and thrived. Before Darwin, several scholars had already been discussing about the evolution of life, and it was Darwin who complied such accumulated ‘perceptions’ and theorized on the origins and the future of human species. He asserted that the human originated from one living being at the beginning of the earth, and similar to other living beings which have appeared and disappeared from the face of the earth, human beings have been selected by nature for a time but will fade away. Such thoughts that the human was not created by God but that life had evolved after being randomly selected by nature and adapted to the regional environment not only drove scientists into hectic arguments but opened new worlds to novelists. Evolutionary criticisms of the two novels enable an understanding of the periods from when evolutionary theories were latent to when the theories became the most active and present how novelists responded and gave shape to all the connoted and implicit implications of evolution.
Abstract
Contrasting from other realist novels which formed the mainstream of the time, Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde begot a novel by inserting an important fictional situation that seemed impossible in reality. After producing a novel through the extension of imagination based on a scientific experiment, these two novels draw the rest of the story within quite realistic tracks. This technique helps these two novels to deal with a big frame which not only throws a fundamental skepticism at existing views of god or nature but also questions the special origins of humanity or the possibility of historical development. For such reasons, the two novels are adequate for thinking about the influence of science upon novels and especially, an analysis from an evolutionary perspective. The perspective of evolutionary theory is significant in that its distinction from existing criticisms is very evident in aspects of standing out modern science developments and showing the interaction between science and the novel. The period between Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a time unparalleled in history in which the evolutionary theory was produced and thrived. Before Darwin, several scholars had already been discussing about the evolution of life, and it was Darwin who complied such accumulated ‘perceptions’ and theorized on the origins and the future of human species. He asserted that the human originated from one living being at the beginning of the earth, and similar to other living beings which have appeared and disappeared from the face of the earth, human beings have been selected by nature for a time but will fade away. Such thoughts that the human was not created by God but that life had evolved after being randomly selected by nature and adapted to the regional environment not only drove scientists into hectic arguments but opened new worlds to novelists. Evolutionary criticisms of the two novels enable an understanding of the periods from when evolutionary theories were latent to when the theories became the most active and present how novelists responded and gave shape to all the connoted and implicit implications of evolution.
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