오에겐자부로(大江健三郎)문학에 있어서의 ‘아버지’ -『수사(水死)』를 중심으로-

Abstract

This paper is considered about ‘father’ in the Ōe Kenzaburō's literature mainly around the work “Drowning” (2009). The remarkable feature of the Ōe's literature since the 1980s is a self-reference. How will it transform how old work is to try to restore the ‘father’ in the “Drowning”, and deconstruct ‘father’ among them? In addition, I try to investigate what kind of place ‘father’ finally lands in by repetition and a difference under the mutual relations with the component of other systems. “I” of the narrator return home to restart “drowning novel” which assumes ‘father’ stopped 40 years ago by a phone call to his sister. However, it was only three books of “The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion” to have stayed in ‘red leather trunk’ which revealed the death of the question just after the defeat of ‘father’. After the failure of novel ‘drowning’ which should have become ‘later work’, “I” experience unprecedented great dizziness. And “I” say, “You are a pool” towards Akari of the eldest son with mental disabilities twice and show one side as the oppressor or an authority in the home. The death and the thought of ‘father’ are clarified by the conversation with the Daio who was characters of the old work, and the story of ‘father’ in the old work is deconstructed. However, ‘my’ ‘deep, dark Japanese sense’ is embossed while ‘father’ is transformed from a political ultra-nationalist to folkloric and a literary nationalist. As for “I”, ‘the sprit of Shōwa’ until August, 1945 will be admitted as my ‘the sprit of the age’ through the relation to ‘father’ and “I”, and the relations to “I” and Akari. After all, it is understood that repeated old work, the component barrel of another system “The Golden Bough”, and Natsume Sōseki's “Kokoro” operates to confirm ‘the spirit of the age’ of “I” in the self-reference system, and to accept it. ‘Father’ in the Ōe Kenzaburō's literature carries through war and the function as the metaphors such as death, the Emperor and the ultra-nationalist from an initial product to “Drowning”, and it may be said that the trial that was going to restore 'father' was a literal device for the self-search of “I”.