「(の)だろうか」形式における「疑い」についての一考察 -事態内容に対する話し手の認識的判断との関わりから-

Abstract

This paper discusses the “utagai”(dubitative) reading of the Japanese "(no)darouka" construction and its usages, on the basis of the speakers’ epistemic judgments. The main proposals of this paper are as follows: (1) The “cannot form a judgment” analysis of the previous researches has been divided into “inquiring”, “interrogative+(no)darouka”, and “guess/thinking” usages; the “epistemic modality” analysis of the previous researches has been divided into “guess by evidence”, “dubitative”, and “assertion” usages. (2) The viewpoint of this paper, i.e. How is the speaker’s epistemic judgment on “situation content” under a certain background information of the speaker?, has made it possible to provide a gradable and unified analysis such that “inquiring”, “interrogative+(no)darouka”, and “guess/thinking” usages are not related to the speaker’s background information, while “guess by evidence”, “dubitative”, and “assertion” usages are related to the speaker’s background information. (3) The “utagai(dubitative)” usage of the previous researches has been divided into “interrogative +(no)darouka”, “guess/thinking”, “guess by evidence”, and “dubitative” usages; in particular, as for the “guess by evidence” and “dubitative” usages, I have proposed that “A” is the “guess by evidence” usage, and “B” is the “dubitative” usage in a situation content “～A kadouka (=B)”. (4) I have also proposed that the “(no)darouka” construction has gradable readings, from the “inquiring” usage that means that the speaker has no background information to “a rhetorical question” that has the meaning of a strongassertion. (3) The “utagai(dubitative)” usage of the previous researches has been divided into “interrogative+(no)darouka”, “guess/thinking”, “guess by evidence”, and “dubitative” usages; in particular, as for the “guess by evidence” and “dubitative” usages, I have proposed that “A” is the “guess by evidence” usage, and “B” is the “dubitative” usage in a situation content “~A kadouka (=B)”. (4) I have also proposed that the “(no)darouka” construction has gradable readings, from the “inquiring” usage that means that the speaker has no background information to “a rhetorical question” that has the meaning of a strongassertion.