환자중심 소통역량 향상을 위한 의료커뮤니케이션 교육프로그램 사례분석: 안드라고지 과정모델 중심으로
A Case Study of Medical Communication Education Program for Improving Patient-Centered Communication Skill Program: Focusing on the Andragogy Course Model
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본 연구의 목적은 환자중심의 소통역량 향상을 위한 의료커뮤니케이션 교육프로그램의 사례설계 및 개발, 운영과정을 안드라고지 과정모델과 비교ㆍ분석함으로써 효과적인 의료교육 프로그램 개발을 위한 이론적, 실천적 시사점을 도출하는 것이다. 환자중심 소통역량 향상을 위한 의사소통 교육프로그램은 안드라고지 과정모델에 따라 ‘학습자 준비시키기-학습분위기 형성—기획—진단—목표수립—학습계획 설계하기—학습활동—평가와 요구의 재평가’의 여덟 단계로 구분하여 분석을 진행하였다. 구체적으로, 첫째, 학습자 준비시키기 단계는 교육과정에 대한 정보를 제공하고 참여하게 된 계기와 기대사항을 작성하여 참여를 준비시키고 자가진단을 실시하였다. 둘째, 학습분위기 형성단계에서 학습자를 8인 이하로 구성하고 모의환자(Simulated-patient)를 교육에 활용하는 등 물리적 환경을 조성하였다. 셋째, 기획단계에서는 학습자들을 사례개발에 참여시켜 의료인 및 모의환자용으로 교육에 활용가능한 시나리오를 개발하였다. 넷째, 요구의 진단 단계에서는 교육 전에 참여동기와 학습요구를 진단ㆍ분석하고 진단결과를 교육내용에 반영하였다. 다섯째, 목표수립단계에서는 요구의 진단 결과를 반영하여, 교육목표를 커뮤니케이션 기술습득과 잘못된 커뮤니케이션을 통해 가중되는 업무 스트레스 감소로 수립하였다. 여섯째, 학습계획 설계하기 단계에서는 역할극(role-play) 및 토론과 피드백을 통해 바람직한 커뮤니케이션 방향을 찾아가는 교육방식으로 설계하였다. 일곱째, 학습활동단계에서는 촉진자가 교수자의 역할을 맡고 과정운영 및 촉진하는 방식으로 운영되었다. 여덟째, 평가와 요구의 재평가 단계에서 학습자들은 실제 활용 가능한 교육내용이며 커뮤니케이션 수준에 대한 인식과 행동변화에 효과가 있었다고 판단하였다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구의 이론적ㆍ실무적 시사점을 기술하였다.
Abstract
This study aims to provide theoretical and practical implications for the development of effective medical training programs by analyzing a case of the medical communication training program based on Andragogy's course model in order to improve patient-centered communication competencies. The medical communication program selected for this study was analyzed in eight stages: preparing learners - creating a learning atmosphere - planning - need assessment - goal establishment - design of learning plans - assessment and need re-assessment. Specifically, the first phase was to make learners enhance the course expectations and preparation by providing the curriculum information and conducting self-diagnosis of communication skills as a pre-test. Second, in the phase of the learning atmosphere creation, a favorable learning environment, such as setting a small number of learning groups and the use of simulated patients in the training course, was designed. Third, in the planning phase, learners who had communication experiences with various patients involved in the case/scenario development processes as a co-developer. Fourth, in the need assessment phase, learners' training needs were analyzed and reflected into the course contents. Fifth, the goal of training course, reducing work stress created by miscommunication with patients and improving patient-centered communication skills, was established based on the learners' training needs. Sixth, in the phase of learning plan design, educational tools that improve adult learners' learning experience such as role-play, discussion, and feedback were designed. Seventh, in the learning activity phase, facilitators played an important role in encouraging learners actively participate in the course. Eighth, the phase of assessment and need re-assessment involved evaluations of the extent to which leaners changed their perceptions and behaviors of the communication through the participation in the communication program. Based on the results of this study, the theoretical and practical implications of the study were discussed.
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