프래그머티즘 미학과 대중예술
Pragmatist Aesthetics and Mass Art
0
조회
0
다운로드
11
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
과학기술 사회에서 대중예술은 새로운 인간의 조건으로서 유의미한 철학적 논의를 형성하고 있다. 철학의 영역에서 노엘 캐롤은 대중예술에 대한 성찰을 통해 기존의 논쟁에 반박하고 있으며 나아가 리처드 슈스터만은 프래그머티즘 미학을 통해 삶과 예술이 어떻게 밀접하게 연결되고 있는지 포스트모던 논의를 통해 구성한다. 특히 슈스터만은 미국의 랩 음악을 분석함으로써 대중예술이 하위문화가 아니라 주류문화로서 논의될 수 있음을 주장하고 있다. 논자는 슈스터만이 주장하는 프래그머티즘 미학의 원리인 삶과 예술의 결합이라는 측면에 주목하고, 삶의 영역을 과학에 초점을 두어 포스트휴먼 시대의 예술로 확장하고자 한다. 이렇게 될 때 미디어 대중을 의미하는 ‘매스(mass)’의 철학적 함의는 디지털 미디어로 확장할 수 있을 것이다. 앞으로 대중예술은 가상공간에서 이루어지는 디지털 미디어에 의해서 더욱 변모할 것이며, 디지털 예술에 대한 논의도 더욱 활발해질 것이다. 본 논문의 목표는 첫째 철학의 맥락에서 대중예술의 정체성을 재점검하고, 둘째 삶과 예술을 통합하여 설명하고자 한 슈스터만의 프래그머티즘 미학을 살펴봄으로써 포스트휴먼 시대의 대중문화가 과학 기술과 결합하여 디지털 시대 새로운 예술로서 논의할 수 있는 이론적 토대를 제공할 수 있다는 것을 입증하는 것이다.
Abstract
Mass culture is very important to mainstream culture in our era. Previous arguments about mass culture and mass art argued that 'mass art' was entirely the same as 'popular art.' I am challenging this formulation due to recent artistic developments, while I accept it for the past. What haschanged? There is a quality about current mass art that is less studied if such a formulation is accepted. I think that the difference between mass art and popular culture is that mass art in our current era has become highly dependent upon digital mediation through developments in science and technology whereas popular culture loses this important new nuance. I draw upon different aesthetic philosophers to build this viewpoint. From Noel Carroll, I accept his criticism of others that the increasing dependence on science and technological mediation in our basic culture can be a positive or beneficial aspect, instead of previous philosophers viewing such developments more negatively. Second, drawing on Richard Schusterman's Pragmatist Aesthetics which holds important the interaction of life and art, this is a way to bring a greater understanding that lived technology and science have to be integrated into our sense of a mass art instead of categorized as outside of culture and art in our digital era. For example, the digital aspects of the phenomenon of Korean 'k-pop' mass art is hard philosophically to analyze in its aesthetics or its global impact without a deep appreciation of its highly technological and mediated aspects for building the culture of mass art through internet devices worldwide. So I would consider definitions of science and technology now can be considered very important material aspects of mass art, while in the term popular culture this is unaddressed. First, I will use Schusterman's Pragmatist Aesthetics for how we can connect art and life. Second, this is a foundation for analysing a digital mass art that draws on previous thinkers though makes a new statement from them.
참고문헌 (56)
- 김원용, "한국미술사" (1993), 서울대학교 출판부
- 신상규, "호모사피엔스의 미래 : 포스트휴먼과 트랜스휴머니즘" (2014), 아카넷
- 오종환, "대중매체의 발전과 문화 및 예술의 변모: 매체 본질주의와 문화연구의 주장에 대한 비판", 美學(미학), (36), pp.225~284 (2003), 한국미학회
- 이지언, "로이 애스콧(Roy Ascott)의 디지털 아트를 통해 살펴본 ‘테크노에틱’(Technoetic) 개념", 탈경계인문학Trans-Humanities, 7(2), pp.205~232 (2014), 이화인문과학원
- 이해완, "대중매체의 발전과 대중예술 정의의 문제", 美學(미학), (35), pp.319~378 (2003), 한국미학회
- Allesch, C. G., "Aesthetic Experience in the Age of Globalization", Dialogue and Universalism, 13(11-12), pp.95~102 (2003)
- Ascott, R., "Art, Technology, Consciousness : mind@large" (2000), Intellect Ltd
- Ascott, R., "테크노에틱 아트: 새로운 의식, 리얼리티, 예술의 창발을 위하여" (2002), 연세대학교 출판부
- Berger, R., "Art and Media on the Road to Abdera?", Diogenes, 128, pp.1~16 (1984)
- Binkley, T., "The vitality of digital creation", Journal of Aesthetics & Art Criticism, 55(2), pp.107~116 (1997)
- Bostrom, N., "Medical Enchancement and Posthumanity", pp.107~136 (2008), Springer
- Carroll, N., "A Philosophy of Mass Art" (1998), Oxford University Press
- Carroll, N., "Mass Art, High Art, and the Avant-Garde : A Response to David Novitz", Philosophic Exchange : Annual Proceedings, 23, pp.51~62 (1992)
- Carroll, N., "The ontology of mass art", Journal of Aesthetics & Art Criticism, 55(2), pp.187~199 (1997)
- Carroll, N., "Defending Mass Art : A Response to Kathleen Higgins's 'Mass Appeal'", Philosophy and Literature, 23(2), pp.378~386 (1999)
- Carroll, N., "Mass Art : The Debate Continues", Journal of Aesthetic Education, 35(3), pp.15~22 (2001)
- Carroll, N., "Art and Human Nature", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 62(2), pp.95~107 (2004)
- Carroll, N., "The Philosophy of Motion Pictures" (2008), Blackwell Publishing
- Clowney, D., "Definitions of Art and Fine Art's Historical Origins", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 69(3), pp.309~320 (2011)
- Dewey, J., "Art as Experience" (1934), Minton, Balch
- Diodato R., "Aesthetics of the Virtual" (2012), State University of New York Press
- Edensor, T., "National Identity Popular Culture and Everyday Life" (2002), Berg
- Fisher, J. A., "On Carroll's Enfranchisement of Mass Art As Art", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 62(1), pp.57~61 (2004)
- Fisher, J. A., "The Routledge Companion to Aesthetics", pp.473~484 (2013), Routledge
- Fisher, J. A., "Technology, appreciation, and the historical view of art", Journal of Aesthetics & Art Criticism, 55(2), pp.169~185 (1997)
- Gans, H. J., "Popular Culture and High Culture: An Analysis and Evaluation of Taste" (1974), Basic Books
- Godlovitch, S., "Innovation and conservatism in performance practice", Journal of Aesthetics & Art Criticism, 55(2), pp.151~168 (1997)
- Goldman, A. H., "The Broad View of Aesthetic Experience", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 71(4), pp.323~333 (2013)
- Hartshorne, C., "Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce" (1931), The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press
- Higgins, K. M., "Mass Appeal", Philosophy and Literature, 23(1), pp.197~205 (1999)
- Image: Technology, Representation and the Contemporary Subject, "Self", pp.2006, Jones, A.
- Lie, J., "K-Pop: Popular Music, Cultural Amnesia, and Economic Innovation in South Korea" (2014), University of California Press
- Light, A., "Wim Wenders and the Everyday Aesthetics of Technology and Space", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 55(2), pp.215~229 (2000)
- Manovich, L., "The Practice of Everyday(Media)Life : From Mass Consumption to Mass Cultural Production?", Critical Inquiry, 35(2), pp.319~331 (2009)
- Markus, G., "The Path of Culture : From the Refined to the High, from the Popular to Mass Culture", Critical Horizons : A Journal of Philosophy and Social Theory, 14(2), pp.127~155 (2013)
- Naukkarinen, O., "What Is 'Everyday' in Everyday Aesthetics?", Contemporary Aesthetics, 11 (2013)
- Nehamas, A., "Richard Shusterman on Pleasure and Aesthetic Experience", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 56(1), pp.49~51 (1998)
- Novitz, D., "Noel Carroll's Theory of Mass Art", Philosophic Exchange : Annual Proceedings, 23, pp.39~49 (1992)
- Novitz, D., "The Difficulty with Difficulty", Journal of Aesthetic Education, 34(2), pp.5~14 (2000)
- Novitz, D., "A Philosophy of Mass Art", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 58(4), pp.405~407 (2000)
- Paudyal, B. P., "After the Great Divide : Modernism, Mass Culture, Postmodernism", Journal of Philosophy : A Cross-Disciplinary Inquiry, 4(8), pp.55~56 (2009)
- Rosenberge, Bernard., "Mass Culture: The Popular Arts in America" (1958), Free Press
- Rorty, R., "Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity" (1989), Cambridge University Press
- Saltz, D. Z., "The art of interaction : Interactivity, performativity, and computers", Journal of Aesthetics & Art Criticism, 55(2), pp.117~127 (1997)
- Savedoff, B. E., "Escaping Reality : Digital Imagery and the Resources of Phoptography", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 55(2), pp.201~214 (2000)
- Schiller, F., "On the Aesthetic Education on Man in a Series of Letters" (1977), Frederick Ungar Publishing
- Schroeder, E. H., "대중문화 5000년의 역사-신화에서 마녀, 신들림, 농담, 히스테리까지 우리가 몰랐던" (1980), 시대의 창
- Shusterman. R., "프라그마티즘 미학: 살아 있는 아름다움, 다시 생각해 보는 예술" (1992), 북코리아
- Shusterman. R., "The Pragmatist Aesthetics of William James", British Journal of Aesthetics, 51(4), pp.347~361 (2011)
- Shusterman. R., "Body and the Arts: The Need for Somaesthetics", Diogenes, 59(1, pp.2) (2013), 7~20
- Snaevarr, S., "Pragmatism and Popular Culture : Shusterman, Popular Art, and the Challenge of Visuality", Journal of Aesthetic Education, 41(4), pp.1~11 (2007)
- Sparshott, F., "The Future of Dance Aesthetics", Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 51(2), pp.227~234 (1993)
- Storey, J., "대중문화란 무엇인가" (2003), 태학사
- Sturken, M., "Practices of Looking: An Introduction to Visual Culture" (2001), Oxford University Press
- MacDonald, D., "A Theory of Mass Culture", Diogenes, 3, pp.1~17 (1953)
- More, M., "The Transhumanist Reader: Classical and Contemporary Essays on the Science, Technology, and Philosophy of the Human Future" (2013), John Wiley & Sons, Inc
