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지식기반산업에서 기업의 지식탐색 유형: 구성형태적 접근

Configurations of Knowledge Search in Knowledge-Intensive Industries

이재근|허문구
기술경영경제학회 (The Korean Society For Technology Management & Economics)|2017.08|기술혁신연구 (JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION)|제25권 제3호|pp. 299-331|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14383/SIME.2017.25.3.299

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키워드

군집분석Cluster analysis활용적 혁신탐험적 혁신지식탐색구성형태적 접근Knowledge searchExploratory innovationExploitative innovationConfigurational approach
주제분류기술정책

초록

본 연구는 국내 지식기반산업에 종사하는 기업을 대상으로 탐색의 소재(locus) 와 특성을 기준으로 기업의 지식탐색 유형을 도출하고, 각 유형별로 혁신성과는 어떤 차이를보이는지 구성형태적 관점(configurational approach)으로 분석하였다. 기존의 지식탐색 연구들은 주로 지식탐색과 결과변수와의 관계규명에 집중해왔다. 이에 따라, 실제 기업들이 어떻게 지식탐색을 조직화 하는가에 대한 이해가 상대적으로 미흡한 수준이다. 따라서, 본 연구는 기업의 지식탐색을 탐색의 소재와 특성에 따라 외부탐색 범위(external search breadth), 외부탐색 깊이(external search depth), 내부탐색 범위(internal search breadth), 내부탐색 깊이(internal search depth)로 지식탐색의 네 가지 차원으로 구분하고 군집분석(cluster analysis)을 통해 실제 기업의 지식탐색 유형을 도출하고 혁신성과가 어떤 차이를 보이는지분석하였다. 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상이한 지식탐색 유형을 가지는 6가지 기업군을도출하였다. 각 기업군은 모든 지식탐색 차원에 대해 적극적이거나, 일부 차원에만 집중하는등의 차이를 보인다. 둘째, 각 기업군의 혁신성과는 지식탐색 유형의 특성에 따라 탐험적 혁신과 활용적 혁신성과에서 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 기존 연구와는 달리환원론적 접근(reductionistic approach)이 아닌 구성형태적 접근을 적용하여, 변수와 변수의관계를 따로 분리하여 분석하는 것이 아닌 있는 그대로의 현상을 살펴보았다는 점에서 주요공헌이 있으며, 연구 결과를 바탕으로 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

Abstract

This research details firm knowledge search types based on the locus and features for Korean firms in the knowledge-based industry, and then analyzes differences in innovation performance according to the types from the view of a configurational approach. Existing research has mainly concentrated on establishing a relation between knowledge search and outcome variables. Consequently, firms have relatively insufficient understanding of how to systematize knowledge search. Hence, this research classifies knowledge search into four dimensions-external search breadth, external search depth, internal search breadth, and internal search depth-by the locus and features of search. Furthermore, the research draws actual types of knowledge search of firms and analyzes differences in innovation performance. The main result of the research is as follows. First, the research reasons out six clusters of firms which have a dissimilar knowledge search type. Each cluster shows differences while participating in every dimension of knowledge search or few dimensions. Second, as for innovation performance, each cluster shows different exploitative and exploratory innovation performance according to their knowledge search type. This research applies a configurational approach while existing research applied a reductionistic approach, thereby establishing the major contribution which enables us to study a phenomenon as it comes, not to analyze variables and relationships of variables. Lastly, the research suggests a future direction of research based on the result of this research.

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