협력적 개념도 구성이 인지적 기능의 획득에 미치는 효과
Effect of Collaborative Concept Mapping on Cognitive Skill Acquisition
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이 연구는 학습자 간의 협력 개념도 구성이 개념도의 개별 구성 조건에 비하여 학습자의 인지적 기능의 획득에 유용한지 경험적으로 확인하였다. 연구의 독립변수는 개념도 구성조건(협력구성, 개별구성)이며 종속변수는 사후검사로 측정한 학습자의 인지적 기능의 획득 정도이다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 대학원생 41명을 대상으로 실험을 하였다. 학습과제는 Gagne의 학습 성과 영역에 따라 제시된 수업목표를 분류하는 인지적 기능이었다. 학습자들은 컴퓨터를 이용해서 개념도를 구성하였으며 협력 구성 조건의 학습자들은 온라인상에서 문자 채팅하면서 협력으로 개념도를 구성하였다. 연구결과, 개별적으로 개념도를 구성한 학습자들이 성취도 검사에서 더 높은 점수를 보였다. 학습자들이 구성한 개념도의 특성과 태도 질문지에 나타난 학습경험에 대한 참여자의 반응, 선행연구의 결과 등에 비추어 본 연구의 결과를 논의하였고, 수업의 실제와 후속 연구에 대해 함의를 제시하였다.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of constructing a concept map collaboratively in a team with constructing a concept map individually on the acquisition of cognitive skills. An experiment was carried out to 41 graduate students to answer the study question. Learners in the collaborative concept mapping worked in a group of 3 members, while those in the individual concept mapping worked in- dependently. Both group referred to a textbook while they constructed concept maps. The treatment session lasted about 45 minutes, and the topic that learners studied was classifying given instructional objectives into a domain of Gagne's learned capabilities. The results showed that learners in the individual concept mapping outperformed learners in the collaborative concept mapping on the posttest. Further analysis of qualitative data including concept maps constructed by the learners, contents of chatting learners made while they work, and reponses of learners to the post-study questionnaires strongly implied that the results of posttest may reflect the learners' insufficiency to the skills on concept mapping tool and on the productive collaborative learning process.
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