경쟁과 협력의 인지적 사고와 자기해석이 집단창의성에 미치는 영향
The Effect of a Mind-set of Competition versus Cooperation and Self-construal on Group Creativity
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본 연구의 목적은 경쟁과 협력에 따른 인지적 사고와 개인이 자기를 이해하고 정의하는 방식인 자기해석이 집단창의성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 했다. 이를 위해 Y대학 학부생 150명을 대상으로 3명씩 50개 팀으로 구성하였으며, 피험자들은 각 실험조건에 무선 할당되었다. 실험 디자인은 인지적 사고(경쟁-협력점화)와 자기해석(독립적-상호의존적 자기 점화)를 독립변인으로 하는 2 x 2의 이원 피험자 간 설계를 사용했다. 참가자들은 브레인스토밍 과제를 통해 아이디어를 산출하였다. 산출된 아이디어를 양(유창성)과 질(독창성, 유용성)으로 구분하여 분석하였으며, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경쟁-협력에 따른 인지적 사고와 자기해석이 아이디어 양과 질에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 인지적 사고와 자기해석의 상호작용 효과는 경쟁점화 및 독립적 자기해석 조건에서 아이디어의 독창성, 유용성이 더 높게 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 다양한 아이디어를 생성하기 위해서는 협력적 상황에서 상호의존적 자기를 활성화하는 것이 유효할 것으로 생각되고, 독창적인 아이디어를 생성하거나 도출된 아이디어를 유용하게 활용하기 위해서는 경쟁적 상황과 독립적 자기의 활성화가 도움이 됨을 시사한다. 결론부분에서 연구결과를 바탕으로 논의 및 결론, 향후 연구에 대한 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a cognitive mind-set based on competition-cooperation and a self-contrual which is a way of understanding and defining oneself, on group creativity. For this study, 150 college students were composed of 50 teams consisting of 3 students, and the subjects were randomly assigned to each experimental condition. Experimental design used a 2 x 2 between subject design with cognitive mind-set(competition-cooperation priming) and self-contrual(independent-interdependent self-priming) as independent variables. Participants generated ideas through brainstorming task. Ideas were evaluated by quantitative (fluency) and quality (originality, usefulness). The results obtained by this study were as follows: competitive-cooperative cognitive mind-set and self-construal were found to effects the quantitative and quality of ideas. Furthermore there was an interaction between cognitive mind-set and self-construal: ideas were more quality(originality, usefulness) when group members combined competitive mind-set with independent self-construal. In this study, suggesting that it is effective to activate interdependent self in cooperative cognitive mind-set to enhance fluency(various and many ideas), competitive mind-set and independent self-contrual are helpful in creating quality (originality, usefulness). Finally, the implication and discussion of this study were presented.
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