화엄수행론의 돈점 문제

Abstract

This paper is to shed light on the concepts of don-gyo [頓敎], sudden enlightenment, and jeom-gyo [漸敎], gradual enlightenment, as they apply to Avatamsaka practice. This study starts with investigating issues related to Avatamsaka’s concepts of don and jeom [頓漸] in the context Gyosang Panseok [敎相判釋] which classified various Buddhist doctrines that appeared after Buddhism spread to China. I investigated these issues from different sectarian points of view even though the Avatamsaka Sutra was traditionally tied to the concept of don-gyo. by examining relevant sutras within the Avatamsaka Sutra. My findings reveal that the sutra explains woyung [圓融], the doctrine of all-encompassing harmony of the Middle Way [中道] by suggesting that the concepts of don and jeom overlap. I also analyzed issues that appeared in records and documents of those who applied exegesis to the Avatamsaka Sutra in China so that I could explore the fact that Zhiyan [智儼] and Uisang [義湘] associated the sutra with don-gyo and won-gyo [圓敎]. Fazang [法藏] did it with won-gyo, and Chengguan [澄觀] did it with Zen [禪] Buddhism. As for the theory of Avatamsaka practice, I concluded that the concepts of don and jeom in practicing Avatamsaka is the execution of the Middle Way. I also concluded it is based on the concept of wonyung and that Uisang was one of those who emphasized the practice of the Middle Way.