균여(均如)의『석화엄지귀장원통초(釋華嚴旨歸章圓通鈔)』 삼대육구(三對六句)에 나타난 원통(圓通)의의미 고찰

Abstract

Seokhwaeomjigwijangwontong-cho (『釋華嚴旨歸章圓通抄』) by Gyunyeo (均如) is a commentary of Hauyanjingzhigui (『華嚴經旨歸』) by Fazang (法 藏). He developed his own logic of Perfect penetration (圓通) by classifying the preface of Hauyanjingzhigui into the three antitheses of the six-line verse (三對六句). The three antitheses of the six-line verse (三對六句) make an antithesis utilizing the four-six rhymed style (四六騈儷体), with which commentators can reconcile and unite different arguments into one. Because the very antithesis between the two produces counterevidence that they are related each other. The understanding of the terms making an antithesis varies depending on each scholar. Gyunyeo brought to a conclusion of ‘one (一)’, founding the common meaning in different arguments. Dharma (法) and artha (義) of the Buddha’s teaching are one as a counterpart. He discusses Perfect penetration (圓通) of dharma (法)⋅ artha (義) with the logic of the antithesis. It is because dharma (法) and enlightenment (喩), cause (因) and effect (果) and the deep (深) and the wide (廣) as counterparts penetrate each other without conflict. Samantabhadra’s (普賢菩薩) part (分) and Mahāvairocana’s (盧舍那 佛) gate make perfect penetration and one through the antithesis of dharma-enlightenment (法喩對), that of cause-effect (因果對) and that of the deep-the wide (深廣對). Also they show that the aim (旨歸) and the doctrinal tenet (宗趣) only consist in Mahāvaipulya Buddhāvataṃsaka Sūtra (『大方廣佛華嚴經』; the Flower Adornment Sutra). The mysterious sphere of Mahāvairocana’s and the mirror reflected by Samantabhadra are not different. Gyunyeo didn’t create the terminology of Perfect penetration but employed the meaning of it in the way that his idea of Hwaeom (the Flower Adornment) demonstrates One vehicle of perpect teaching (一乘圓 敎). He add the logic of the antithesis which reconciles and unites Dharma (法) and artha (義) into one in to the meaning of Perfect penetration in the three antitheses of the six-line verse, and recreate Perfect penetration as the main terminology which defines his idea of Hwaeom. This writing studies how he understood and employed this Perfect penetration.