관음신앙을 중심으로 본 근현대 한국 고승의 가피사례

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the types of Gapi (加被) of modern Buddhist Venerables in contemporary Koran Buddhism. The research scope is from the 1800s to the present. Among the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, we examined the cases of the Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva. Gapi can be roughly divided into three. ‘Present gapi’, ‘Dreaming gapi’ and ‘Invisibly influencing gapi’. The purpose of this study is to analyze the gapi characteristics of the modern Buddhist Venerables and to classify each case into the above categories and to investigate and analyze the oral data containing the experiences of them. It was possible to find out the aspects of their desires to appear different from those of the lay Buddhists in the modern Buddhist Venerables. This can be divided down as follows. First of all, unlike the lay Buddhists, the modern Buddhist Venerables’ wishes are made for all sentient being. If the gapi of the lay Buddhists was centered on their personal appeals, the gapi of the modern Buddhist Venerable was done on a grand scale, not on a personal level. Second, the gapi of the Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva is related to the foundation of Buddhist temples. The Sobaeksan Guinsa and the Munsusan Beopryunsa are good examples. Third, there is a characteristic that the gapi of the Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva appears in the artistic part. The art world clarified in this paper reveals a lot of calligraphy and stone carving works starting from the calligraphy received from the Buddha in the case of Im Hwan-gyeong. And in the case of Won-il, it can be confirmed that his work world takes place due to the wisdom of the present gapi and the dreaming gapi by the Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva. Fourth, the magical practice as the foundation of Enlightenment is due to the Invisibly influencing gapi of the Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva. Finally, it can be confirmed that the gapi of the Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva among modern Buddhist Venerables had a great influence on the development of Buddhism in modern Korea. The modern Buddhist Venerables, including Han Yong-un, Ahn Bok-ryeo-gwan, and Lee Un-heo, are good examples.