略本 『반야심경』 ‘度一切苦厄’ 해석의 비판적 검토

Abstract

There are seven Chinese translations of Maha Prajna Paramita Hridaya Sutra. And two versions are still available, one is the large and another is the small one. Again the small version is available by two translations of Kumarajiva and Huan-chang. Among them Huan-chang' translation is the most often read. The Sutra starts "觀自在菩薩 行深般若波羅蜜多時 照見五蘊皆空 度一切苦厄" in Chinese translation. That' why the most of people understands that the preacher of the Sutra is Sakyamuni Buddha, and follows the translation ”Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva when practicing deeply the Prajna Paramita perceives that all five aggregates are empty and crossed beyond all suffering and difficulty." However Bhikshu Chenghwa Sunim interprets the word '度' of the phrase "度一切苦厄"as 'saved from sea of all suffering and difficulty'. Shin Sho-cheon also similarly interprets as "crossing over, all suffering and difficulty" and, here, the meaning of 'crossing over' is sub-commented that Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva as the ultimate truth of reality completes compassion out of pity. Therefore, this paper analyses religious relations between Prajna Paramita(Perfect wisdom) and Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva in view of the ultimate truth of reality. Concludingly, the paper confirms that Amitabha as representation of the ultimate truth of reality and Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva and Prajna Paramita are virtues of the ultimate truth of reality. Moreover, the large version of Maha Prajna Paramita Hridaya Sutra proves that the preacher of the Sutra is Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva, but not Sakyamuni Buddha. Furthermore,Chih-hui-lun's Chinese translation of the large version also coincide with Shin Sho-cheon' interpretation. The word '度' of phrase "度一切苦厄" critically is to review that Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva 'saved from all suffering and difficulty of all beings' in his divine power of dharani.