菩提心則忠義心 ― 儒佛結合與台灣“人間佛教”

Abstract

“The integration of Buddhism and Confucianism won popular support.” This is a typical characteristic of Taiwan’s Humanistic Buddhism. Master Sheng Yen of the Dharma Drum Mountain put forward the “Six Ethics of the Mind” including Family Ethics, Daily Life Ethics, School Ethics, Environmental Ethics, and Workplace Ethics on the basis of the traditional Confucian ethics. With their emphasis on the teaching of "love and respect", "Teaching in accordance with students’ aptitudes", "Leading by examples", "Valuing morality and integrity", and "Seeking common ground while preserving and respecting differences", all were originated from the traditional Confucian ethics. The Buddhist educational institutions are also called academies, such as the Vimalakirti Academy and Sheng Yen Academy. Master Hsing Yun of the Fo Guang Shan said. “Human Buddhism is the Buddhism teaching to become human to others, to become happy, to respect each other with parents’ care for their children and children’ filial piety toward their parents, and to give people happiness.” Tzu Chi also promotes the New Life Movement that “denies one’s self and returns to propriety so that the virtue of people will resume its proper excellence.” and “improves humanistic temperament, revives respect for teachers and filial piety.” and so on. Tzu Chi’s propaganda of “Great Love” and the Confucian teaching that “The benevolent man is one with all things” are similar to each other. This article intends to examine Taiwan’s modern history with Taiwan’s history of Buddhism and religious culture to explore the causes, characteristics, and processes of the integration of Confucianism and Buddhism in Taiwan. Finally, we conclude and summarize the subjectivity of East Asian Han Buddhism and its future Direction of development.