대중가요 보컬 전공 남학생의 성종에 따른 모음 간 음역 차이
Voice range differences in vowels by voice classification among male students of popular music vocals
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초록
본 연구는 대중가요 관련학과에서 보컬을 전공하고 있거나 입시를 준비하는 전공하는 남성 27명을 대상으로 자신의 성종과 음역을 제대로 파악하고 있는지를 살펴보기 위해 주관적으로 평가한 성종과 음향학적으로 평가한 성종간에 차이가 있는지를 비교하였고, 성종 간 기본주파수(fundamental frequqency, F0)와 평균발화기본주파수 간의 차이도 비교하였다. 또한, 이들이 모음에 따라 고음역에서 산출할 수 있는 정도가 다를 수 있으므로 극모음인 /a/, /i/, /u/ 모음 간 음역의 차이와 성종별로 구분하여 모음 간 음역의 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았으며, 모음별로 성종 간에음역의 차이가 있는지도 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 대중가요 보컬을 전공하거나 입시를 준비하는 남성의 절반 이상이 본인의 성종을 정확하게 파악하지 못하고 있으며, 모음 간에 최대기본주파수와 주파수범위는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보여 모음의 종류에 따라 산출할 수 있는 음역의 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 모음 /a/>/u/>/i/ 순으로 음역이 감소하였다. 이는 모음 /a/가 다른 모음에 비해 고음역에서 조음하기에 용이하지만, 모음 /u/와 /i/는 고모음으로 혀의 위치가 상승함으로써 구강 면적이 좁아지고 후두의 상승이 동반되기 때문에 음역이 감소하고 고음에서 발성하기에 어려움이 초래된다는 것을 알 수 있다.
Abstract
This study was conducted on 27 male students majoring in or preparing for popular music vocals to determine whether they were aware of their voice classification and vocal range. Additionally, differences in the fundamental frequency and average speaking fundamental frequency were compared among the voice classifications. Moreover, considering that they may differ in their ability to produce high frequencies depending on the vowel, differences in voice ranges among the cardinal vowels, /a/, /i/, and /u/, were examined, and differences in voice ranges between vowels were compared by voice classification. The results showed that more than half of the male students majoring in or preparing for popular music vocals were not accurately aware of their voice types. In addition, statistically significant differences were found in the maximum fundamental frequency and frequency range among vowels, indicating differences in the voice range that can be produced depending on the vowel type. In particular, the voice range decreased in the following order: /a/>/u/>/i/. This suggests that while the vowel /a/ is easier to articulate in the high register compared to other vowels, vowels /u/ and /i/ as high vowels involve narrowing of the oral cavity due to the raised position of the tongue, accompanied by raising of the larynx, resulting in a decrease in voice range and difficulty in vocalizing in the high register.
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