19세기 영국소설을 통해서 본 빅토리아 시대 영국의 종교적 변화: 『제인에어』, 『플로스 강의 물방앗간』, 『비천한 주드』를 중심으로
Religious Change of Victorian England Reflected in the Nineteenth Century British Novels: Jane Eyre, The Mill on the Floss, and Jude the Obscure
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In 19th century England great religious change had been taking place. After the mid-Victorian period, many British intellectuals left Christianity and came to accept more humanistic or anti-Christian views of the world. The steps of this religious change can be confirmed in three major Victorian novels: Jane Eyre, The Mill on the Floss , and Jude the Obscure, which represent the early, the mid and the late Victorian periods respectively. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare the moments of decision in these Victorian novels. In Jane Eyre, a mid-Victorian novel, there is still a reflection of the basic Christian concept of life and love. The most important part of this Christian concept can be seen in Jane's decision to put God's law before her passionate human love by leaving Rochester. And this Christian view is emphasized in Brontë's handling of the plot through the invisible hand of God guiding human lives. In this basic Christian concept Jane Eyre is different from the two other Victorian novels. In George Eliot's The Mill on the Floss human qualities like sympathy, love and human solidarity are emphasized in Maggie's decision to sacrifice her love of Stephen for the good of Phillip and Lucy. In Maggie's decision to leave Stephen the consideration for other fellow-creatures is more important rather than the Christian consciousness of God. In this way it is implied that the religious atmosphere of the Victorian society had changed from the generally orthodox Christianity to the 'religion of humanity'. In the early part of Jude the Obscure Jude is described as one of the ordinary British Christians and maintains his basic Christian faith. Jude, however, experiences serious religious disillusionment and finally throws away his Christianity and hope of becoming a clergyman to accept his lover, Sue. In this respect the religious atmosphere of Jude the Obscure is contrasted with that of Jane Eyre and reflects the serious religious change which had been taking place after the mid-Victorian period in England.
Abstract
In 19th century England great religious change had been taking place. After the mid-Victorian period, many British intellectuals left Christianity and came to accept more humanistic or anti-Christian views of the world. The steps of this religious change can be confirmed in three major Victorian novels: Jane Eyre, The Mill on the Floss , and Jude the Obscure, which represent the early, the mid and the late Victorian periods respectively. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare the moments of decision in these Victorian novels. In Jane Eyre, a mid-Victorian novel, there is still a reflection of the basic Christian concept of life and love. The most important part of this Christian concept can be seen in Jane's decision to put God's law before her passionate human love by leaving Rochester. And this Christian view is emphasized in Brontë's handling of the plot through the invisible hand of God guiding human lives. In this basic Christian concept Jane Eyre is different from the two other Victorian novels. In George Eliot's The Mill on the Floss human qualities like sympathy, love and human solidarity are emphasized in Maggie's decision to sacrifice her love of Stephen for the good of Phillip and Lucy. In Maggie's decision to leave Stephen the consideration for other fellow-creatures is more important rather than the Christian consciousness of God. In this way it is implied that the religious atmosphere of the Victorian society had changed from the generally orthodox Christianity to the 'religion of humanity'. In the early part of Jude the Obscure Jude is described as one of the ordinary British Christians and maintains his basic Christian faith. Jude, however, experiences serious religious disillusionment and finally throws away his Christianity and hope of becoming a clergyman to accept his lover, Sue. In this respect the religious atmosphere of Jude the Obscure is contrasted with that of Jane Eyre and reflects the serious religious change which had been taking place after the mid-Victorian period in England.
참고문헌 (20)
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