예술 교양교육에서 다중지능의 이론과 실천 —건축과 음악을 중심으로—

Abstract

This paper is to introduce the theory of multiple intelligences(MI) developed by Howard Gardner into the education of arts and to exemplify it in the practice of the subjects of studium generale in the university. As a productive alternative of the evaluation system IQ after Binet, the theory has influenced much in the fields of education. The theory itself is based on the idea of culture and its symbolic form. It has changed in the course of time the idea of the ability of students, thereafter programmatic and structural aspects of the education. It is its strong side that stresses the value and ability of whole members of the society according to their ability and role, but not the individuals according to the scores fixed by numbered intelligence. Two experiments done by the researchers in the education of arts reveal some positive aspects of the theory. In the subject of <World culture heritage exploration> tried to introduce a new evaluation system letting the criteria be mediated by students, not by instructor. It has its positive results: the commentaries and notes given by each student reveal his strength in terms of multiple intelligences to point out the structure of intelligence profile. Some students covered the critic positively and showed not any hesitation in doing the revision. The second experiment of <Acapella Emsemble> in the music subject, it focused on the program itself organized systematically in order for the students to take an active role in the subject. From the beginning on the instructor stepped back, instead, the students organized in form of group to participate voluntarily and actively in the process of the program. The production as a work is given from the start and the idea of perception in the theory is accompanied through the semester long. The reflective activity is clarified through setting criteria and evaluation by the students themselves. This project showed the positive aspect of the theory that each student developed his own ability and covered the weakness and transmitted the strength of the intelligence to others.