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민수기 제 1 대단락에서의 인물 연구

Analysis of participants in the first major division of Numbers

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많은 학자들은 민수기의 구조와 구획에 대해서 다양한 제안들을 해왔다. 그들의 제안이 다양한 이유들 중에서 하나는 그들이 시간, 장소, 주제와 같은 다양한 카테고리들을 사용했기 때문이다. 본 연구는 구문 위계 구조를 하는 것을 목표로 한다. 그래서 구문 (syntax)에 우선순위를 두고, 두번째 우선순위를 인물 (participants)에 둔다. 나는 탈스트라에 의해서 개발된 컴퓨터를 사용한 본문의 위계적 분석 방법을 사용했다. 그리고 탈스트라의 성경과 컴퓨터 연구소의 히브리어 성경 본문 데이터베이스를 사용했다. 그러나 두가지 면에서 차이점이 있다. 첫째, 기존의 연구가 하나의 장 단위로 이루어졌거나, 하나의 장 내에 나타난 이야기에 대해서 이루어졌던데 비해서 본 연구는 장의 범위를 넘어서 민수기를 책 단위로 연구했다. 둘째, 구문 구조의 구획의 정당함은 인물 분석에 의해서 부연된다. 민수기 본문에 대한 구문 분석이 민수기를 두개의 대 단락들과 여섯 개의 소 단락들로 구획한 반면에, 인물 분석은 그 두개의 대 단락들과 여섯 개의 소 단락들로 구획한 결과의 정당함을 후원한다. 이 논문은 민수기의 1대단락 내의 두개의 소 단락들, 민1:1-3:13, 3:14-8:26, 의 관계를 관찰하고, 레25:1-27:34과 민1:1-3:13의 관계를 관찰하고, 마지막으로 민3:14-8:26과 민9:1-20:22의 관계를 관찰한다. 나는 독특 인물들 (앞 단락에는 나오지 않지만 뒷 단락에는 나오는 인물들)과 공통 인물들 (두 인접한 단락에 공통으로 나오는 인물들)을 보여준다. 인물 연구는 하나의 단락이 그것과 인접한 단락들 사이에서 보여주는 구별성이 강하고, 연결성이 약함을 보여준다. 그 과정은 구획의 정당함을 후원하고, 석의적 의미를 상술한다. 마지막으로 위의 네 개의 소 단락들 내에서 발견한 인물 근거들에 의해서, 타 학자들에 의해서 제안되었던 구획들을 토론한다. 나의 인물 정보와 대조해서 그들의 구획의 근거들이 정당한지를 살펴본다. 만약 그들의 정의가 언어적 근거에 맞지 않다면, 수정을 제안한다. 그들의 구획은 귀중하고 민수기의 1대단락 내의 단락들에 대한 다양한 해석들을 보여준다. 그 다양한 해석들 내에서, 나는 본문 단위를 구획하기 위해서 구문을 사용하는데 우선순위를 두고, 다음 우선 순위를 인물 관찰에 두고, 그 다음으로 수사적 근거에 무게를 둔다. 구문 분석에 의한 민수기 1대단락과 소 단락들의 구획이 설득력이 있고, 본문 중심적이며, 민수기의 1대단락 내의 소 단락들의 신학적 의미를 이해하는데 도움을 준다고 주장한다.

Abstract

Many scholars have made suggestions about the structure of the book of Numbers and its division into textual units. One of the reasons why their suggestions are so different is that they use various criteria, such as time, location, or theme. The present study aims to make a syntactic-hierarchical analysis. Thus, it gives priority to syntax and second priority to participants. I have employed computational text-hierarchical analysis as developed by Eep Talstra and implemented in the ETCBC database but going beyond previous applications of this analysis in two ways: First, I applied Talstra’s analysis to the book of Numbers as a whole, rather than to selected stories or chapters. Secondly, the text-syntactic study is complemented by an analysis of the use of participants. While the text-syntactic analysis resulted in arguments for demarcating Numbers into two major divisions and six embedded sections within them, the analysis of participants provides clues to support the validity of the two major divisions and the embedded sections within them. This paper focuses on the relationship between two sections in the first major division, Num 1:1–3:13 and 3:14–8:26, as well as between the preceding section Lev 25:1–27:34 and Num 1:1–3:13 and between Num 3:14–8:26 and its following section Num 9:1–20:22. I display unique participants (which occur in the preceding section but do not occur in the following section) and shared participants (which occur in two adjacent sections). The analysis of participants shows that the separability of each section to its adjacent sections is strong and the connectivity of each section to its adjacent sections is weak. This process corroborated the validity of the demarcations and elaborated on the exegetical meaning. Lastly, based on the participants' clues I found in the four sections, I discuss the demarcations that have been suggested by other scholars. I try to assess the validity of their clues for demarcation, by listing the participants' clues taken from the ETCBC database. If some of them do not fit the linguistic clues, I recommend a modification. Their outlines are valuable and reflect the great variety of interpretations on the sections of the first major division of Numbers. Within this variety of interpretations, I advocate an approach that gives priority to syntax, linguistic clues and participants over the rhetorical analysis. I argue that the demarcations in the first major division in Numbers are more persuasive and text-centered, this way helping to understand better the sections in the first major division of Numbers and its theological meaning.

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