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예레미야애가 1장의 시형식에 대한 연구: 구걸치기(enjambment)를 중심으로

A Study on the Prosody in Lamentations 1: Focusing on Enjambment

이호성
한국복음주의구약신학회 (Korea evangelical old testament society)|2023.07|구약논집 (Evangelical Old Testament Studies)|제26권 |pp. 8-43|DOI 10.22782/eots.2023.26..001

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참고문헌

키워드

quantificationprosody양화lamentationsenjambment시형론예레미야 애가구걸치기내적 발화internal utterance

초록

예레미야 애가 1장은 대체적으로 하나님을 향하여 강한 불평의 어조와 표현들로 이루어져 있다. 목회적인 측면에서 불평은 낯선 관점이자 텍스트에 대한 반신정론적 오해와 갈등의 소지가 있다. 이 문제를 풀기 위해서 본 논문이 제안하는 바는 애 1장의 표현들을 반신정론이라는 신학적인 해석 기준으로 보는 것이 아니라 시인이 독자를 향하여 일종의 의도를 담은 작시의 영역으로 보는 것이다. 시인이 독자와 공유하고 있는 사회적 정황 안에는 상처의 맥락이 있기 때문이다. 현대 의학에 의하면 인간은 상처 입었던 사건과 유사한 상황을 겪을 때 마다 두려움과 불안함을 겪기 때문에, 의도적으로 사건의 기억을 거부하고자 하는 트라우마 증상을 가지고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 시인의 작시법으로서 불평의 특징은 상처를 감추거나 거부하려는 기억을 오히려 꺼내어 말함으로써, 상처받은 자들의 내면을 강화하여 치유와 회복을 기대하는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 상처와 고통을 언어로 가져오게 된 시인은 몇 가지 특별한 형식을 사용하고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 그 시형식들 가운데 구걸치기(enjambment)를 다루었다. 그러나 구약의 시 연구 방법론에 있어서 시형론(prosody) 분야는 구조주의나 수사학적 접근 방식에 비해 많이 다뤄지지 않았다. 따라서 본문의 구걸치기를 분석하기에 앞서서 구걸치기가 작용하는 방식과 관련된 시형론의 개요와 측정 기준 등을 다루었다. 이를 토대로 몇 가지 구걸치기 유형에 따라 시행을 분석해 보았다. 그 결과 화용론적 발화의 관점에서 구걸치기는 외적발화의 의미 너머에 있는(암시되어 있는) 내적발화로 독자들을 이끌고 있음을 공통적으로 발견할 수 있었다. 이 의미 현상을 언어 논리학적으로 양화(quantification)라고 하며, 외적발화의 형식으로 사용된 구걸치기의 주요 작용은 내적발화(복수의 의미, 복수의 담화)를 암시하는 것에 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Abstract

The Book of Lamentations 1 is generally made up of strong tones and expressions of complaint towards God. From a pastoral point of view, anti-theodicy complaints are an unfamiliar point of view and can cause serious misunderstandings and conflicts about the text. In order to solve this problem, the proposal of this paper is not to view the expressions in Lam 1 as theological interpretation criteria of anti-theodicy. It is viewed by the poet as an area of composition poetry that contains a kind of intention toward the reader. This is because there is a context of wounds within the social circumstances shared by the poet with the reader. According to modern medicine, humans have traumatic symptoms that intentionally refuse to remember events because they experience fear and anxiety whenever they experience a situation similar to an event that has been hurt. From this point of view, the characteristic of complaints as a poet's writing method can be seen as looking forward to healing and recovery by strengthening the inside of the wounded by taking out the memory of hiding or rejecting the wound. Several special forms are used in the poet's language, which brought this pain to language. In this study, enjambment was dealt with among the phenotypes. However, in the Old Testament methodology of poetry, the field of prosody has not been much addressed compared to structuralism or rhetorical approaches. Therefore, before analyzing the enjambment in the text, we discussed the prosody overview and measurement criteria related to how the enjambment works. Based on this, the implementation analysis according to several types of enjambment was examined. As a result, from the perspective of the poet's pragmatic utterance, it could be found in common that enjambment leads the reader to an internal utterance that is beyond(implicated) the meaning of external utterance. This semantic phenomenon is called quantification in linguistic logic, and it implies internal speech(multiple meanings, multiple discourse) as the main action of enjambment used in poetic form(external speech).

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