청각장애유아의 의사소통 기술 향상을 위한 부모지원
Parents Support for the Development of Communication Technology of Infants with Hearing Impairment Review of Transition Education for Inclusive Education
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청각장애아의 언어 및 의사소통 기술 발달에 영향을 미치는 변수들로는 조기 진단 및 중재에 따른 청각보조도구의 착용시기와 사용기간, 그리고 부모를 비롯한 가족의 적극적인 언어적 상호작용과 참여 정도 등을 들 수 있다. 이 중에서도 주 양육자인 어머니와의 적극적인 의사소통적 상호작용은 청각장애 아동의 사회적 행동에 영향을 주는 중요한 변인으로 지적되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 청각장애 유아의 의사소통 기술을 향상시키기 위하여 부모를 유아의 의사소통 중재자로 지원하고 참여하도록 하여 그 효과를 입증한 연구들은 다소 미약한 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구는 선행연구를 토대로 청각장애 유아의 부모를 지원하여 가정에서 이루어지는 의사소통 중재의 중요성과 필요성을 제안하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청각장애아의 인지, 언어, 사회․정서 발달은 초기 양육자인 어머니와의 안정된 애착관계 형성을 기초로 긍정적인 사회적 상호작용을 통하여 이루어지기 때문에 언어 및 의사소통의 기술 발달은 부모와의 상호작용이 중요한 변인이 된다. 둘째, 부모지원을 통하여 청각장애 유아의 조기중재에 부모가 참여하게 되면 청각장애 자녀에게 뿐만 아니라 부모에게도 여러 가지의 긍정적인 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 셋째, 청각장애아의 언어 및 의사소통 기술 발달에 부모의 역할이 중요하다는 인식과 함께 부모지원의 필요성이 강조되고 있음에도 불구하고 부모가 그 역할을 담당할 수 있도록 지원해 줄 수 있는 서비스가 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 향후에는 청각장애아의 부모들이 조기에 자녀의 언어 및 의사소통 기술 향상을 위하여 가정에서 중재할 수 있도록 부모지원을 통해 가족 중심의 조기 중재 프로그램이 강조되고 실행될 수 있어야 한다.
Abstract
The variables affecting the development of communication technology of infants with Hearing Impairment are an early diagnosis, time of hearing aid wearing and communicative interactions with family members including parents. Among them, active communicative interaction with mother, a main fosterer, plays the most important variable affecting social behavior of infants with hearing impairment. Nevertheless, there are only a few researches on parents support which can develop communication technology of infants with Hearing Impairment. The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of parents communicative interactions with infants with Hearing Impairment at home in order to develop their communication skills. The results of this study are as follows; First, the development of recognition, language, social and emotional development and communication skills are directly related to communicative interactions with their parents. Second, early intervention of parents of infants with hearing impairment is beneficial to both parents and their infants. Third, there are few efficient services which can support parents even though the need of parents support is emphasized for the development of infants with hearing impairment. Therefore, early intervention programs for infants with hearing impairment and their parents need to be developed and parents support and education need to be done through the intervention programs.
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