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이라크의 종파별 권력안배제도와 국가 능력 약화 관계 분석

An Analysis on the Relationship between Sectarian Confessionalism and Weak State Capacity in Iraq

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본 연구는 2003년 도입된 종파별 권력안배제도와 이라크의 국가 능력 약화의 관계를 분석한다. 종파별 권력안배제도가 가진 제도적 특징으로 인해 2003년 이후 이라크에서는 종파 집단의 지지 동원에 필요한 후원-피후원 관계를 구축하기 위해 정부 부처를 사유화하고 국가 능력 회복을 위한 개혁에 저항하는 정당들이 등장했다. 이에 본 연구는 권력안배제도가 다원적 사회의 갈등 예방 수단이라고 본 협의제 민주주의 이론에 대한 비판적 논의를 토대로 집단 간 대립 심화와 정치적 교착 상태 장기화, 후견주의와 부패를 야기하는 종파별 권력안배제도가 이라크의 취약한 위기 대응 능력의 원인이라고 주장한다.

Abstract

This study analyzes the relationship between sectarian confessionalism and the weakness of Iraq’s state capacity. Because of institutional features of sectarian confessionalism, political parties privatizing state resources to form patronage networks as a way of mobilizing sectarian support and resisting against reforms have emerged since 2003. Based on critical discussion on the theory of consociational democracy and power-sharing systems, this study presents that sectarian confessionalism, which causes sectarian confrontations, prolonged political deadlock, clientalism and corruption, and has weakened the state capacity of Iraq.

참고문헌 (73)

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