선량제약치 도입을 위한 원자력발전소 주변 주민의 방사선량 분포 도출
Derivation of Radiation Dose Distribution to the General Public Around Nuclear Power Plants to Adopt Dose Constraint Concept
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During normal operation of nuclear power plant, liquid and gaseous effluents areemissioned. The International Commission of Radiation Protection (ICRP) suggested setting doseconstraints as quantitative criteria to optimize radiation dose of public. In addition, the International AtomicEnergy Agency (IAEA) suggests that dose constraints would be derived from Representative Person dosedistribution. Currently, research for adaption of ICRP 103 recommendation in Korea is ongoing, and theconcept of dose constraints is expected to be introduced in Korea in the future. Therefore, the object ofthis study is to derive the dose distribution of general public around nuclear power plants prior to settingdose constraints. To achieve this goal, dose distribution was derived through 5 steps, setting source term,setting exposure pathways and scenarios, setting factor for dose assessment, selecting critical groupcandidates, assessing critical group dose and deriving dose distribution. As the first step, source termwas set based on gaseous and liquid effluents emitted from each nuclear power plant for 10 years from2012 to 2021. As the second step, exposure pathways were selected based on KINS regulatory guide 2.2. Exposure scenarios were classified as 1-year-old residents, 10-year-old residents, fishery residents,agricultural residents, commuter, and homemaker, based on occupational characteristics aroundnuclear power plants. As the third step, factors for dose assessment were selected, which includingatmospheric dispersion factor, deposition factor, and habit data. Atmospheric dispersion factor wasassessed based on actual residential location and crop cultivation area using XOQDOQ. In addition, theintake data was set based on 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey. As a fourth step, criticalgroup candidates were selected based on the actual residence point. Finally, as a fifth step, radiationdose of general were assessed, and the dose distribution of the general public around the nuclear powerplant was derived. The dose of general public was derived from 4.34×10-3~6.65×10-2 mSv yr-1. Doseof general public around sites A, B, C, and D were 4.34×10-3~2.73×10-2 mSv yr-1, 6.15×10-3~6.65×10-2 mSv yr-1, 5.27×10-3~1.50×10-2 mSv yr-1, 1.70×10-2~4.34×10-2 mSv yr-1, respectively. For aparticular site, the dose distribution has 2 peaks, which is judged to be the effect of 14C released in aparticular year. And among the average doses of sites A, B, C, and D, site D was the highest, which isjudged to be due to the highest atmospheric diffusion factor of site D. The dose distribution derived in thisstudy would be the basis data for setting domestic dose constraints in the future.
Abstract
During normal operation of nuclear power plant, liquid and gaseous effluents areemissioned. The International Commission of Radiation Protection (ICRP) suggested setting doseconstraints as quantitative criteria to optimize radiation dose of public. In addition, the International AtomicEnergy Agency (IAEA) suggests that dose constraints would be derived from Representative Person dosedistribution. Currently, research for adaption of ICRP 103 recommendation in Korea is ongoing, and theconcept of dose constraints is expected to be introduced in Korea in the future. Therefore, the object ofthis study is to derive the dose distribution of general public around nuclear power plants prior to settingdose constraints. To achieve this goal, dose distribution was derived through 5 steps, setting source term,setting exposure pathways and scenarios, setting factor for dose assessment, selecting critical groupcandidates, assessing critical group dose and deriving dose distribution. As the first step, source termwas set based on gaseous and liquid effluents emitted from each nuclear power plant for 10 years from2012 to 2021. As the second step, exposure pathways were selected based on KINS regulatory guide 2.2. Exposure scenarios were classified as 1-year-old residents, 10-year-old residents, fishery residents,agricultural residents, commuter, and homemaker, based on occupational characteristics aroundnuclear power plants. As the third step, factors for dose assessment were selected, which includingatmospheric dispersion factor, deposition factor, and habit data. Atmospheric dispersion factor wasassessed based on actual residential location and crop cultivation area using XOQDOQ. In addition, theintake data was set based on 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey. As a fourth step, criticalgroup candidates were selected based on the actual residence point. Finally, as a fifth step, radiationdose of general were assessed, and the dose distribution of the general public around the nuclear powerplant was derived. The dose of general public was derived from 4.34×10-3~6.65×10-2 mSv yr-1. Doseof general public around sites A, B, C, and D were 4.34×10-3~2.73×10-2 mSv yr-1, 6.15×10-3~6.65×10-2 mSv yr-1, 5.27×10-3~1.50×10-2 mSv yr-1, 1.70×10-2~4.34×10-2 mSv yr-1, respectively. For aparticular site, the dose distribution has 2 peaks, which is judged to be the effect of 14C released in aparticular year. And among the average doses of sites A, B, C, and D, site D was the highest, which isjudged to be due to the highest atmospheric diffusion factor of site D. The dose distribution derived in thisstudy would be the basis data for setting domestic dose constraints in the future.
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