14세기 기 드 숄리악의 '대외과학'에 나타난 아랍 의학의 영향
The Influence of Arab Medicine Appeared in Guy de Chauliac’s Chirurgia magna in the 14th Century
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 14세기 기 드 숄리악의 『대외과학』에 나타난 아랍 의학의 영향을 살펴보는데 있다. 14세기 서유럽 의학은 갈레노스 의학을 중심으로 내과 이론에 치중했고, 외과학은 외면을 받았다. 반면 실생활이나 전쟁은 외과학에 대한 관심을 높였다. 그런데 14세기 외과의나 이발사외과의는 수술 경험은 많지만 이론에 대한 이해가 부족했기에 종종 문제를 야기했다. 이에 기 드 숄리악은 이들도 이론 교육을 받아야 한다고 생각했다. 그 당시 외과학을 구체적으로 저술한 책은 존재하지 않았다. 이에 기 드 숄리악은 자신의 경험과 서유럽보다 발전된 의학을 기술한 아랍 의학책을 중심으로 『대외과학』을 저술했다. 필자는 본 연구를 통해 아랍 의학이 『대외과학』 저술에 크게 영향을 주었을 뿐만 아니라 『대외과학』이 18세기까지 계속 편찬되어 나감에 따라 서유럽 의학 발전에 크게 기여했다는 사실도 밝혔다.
Abstract
This paper aims to examine the influence of Arab medicine as seen in Guy de Chauliac's Chirurgia magna written in the 14th century. Western European medicine in the 14th century focused on internal medicine theories centered on Galenic medicine, and surgery was neglected. On the other hand, practical aspects of daily life and warfare heightened interest in surgery. However, surgeons and barber surgeons in the 14th century had a lot of surgical experience, they often caused problems because they lacked an understanding of the theory. Accordingly, Guy de Chauliac believed that they should also receive theoretical education. At that time, there were no books written specifically on surgery. Therefore, Guy de Chauliac wrote Chirurgia magna which included his own experience and Arabic medical books that described medicine more advanced than those in Western Europe. Through this study, I found that Arab medicine not only had a significant influence on the writing of Chirurgia magna, but also greatly contributed to the development of Western European medicine as Chirurgia magna continued to be compiled until the 18th century.
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- 방지은, "르네상스 시기 서유럽에 끼친 아랍 의학의 영향과서유럽 의학의 변화: 14-16세기 이탈리아 르네상스를 중심으로", 석사, pp.2023