Small-Scale Irrigation Development for Rural Ethiopia
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Irrigation water has increased food security and improved living standards in many parts of the world. With a rapidly growing world population and a limited food supply, fifty years ago it was common to hear concerns of food shortages and mass starvation. Accordingly, Ethiopian Water Sector Strategy clearly stated that, irrigation development is key to the sustainable and reliable agricultural development, and thus for the overall economic development of the country. The geographical location of Ethiopia and its endowment with favorable climate provides a relatively higher amount of rainfall in the region. National Smallholder Irrigation and Drainage Strategy (NSIDS, 2016) indicated that, traditional, small-scale irrigation and drainage schemes have a long history in Ethiopia while larger-scale, commercially oriented schemes have been developed from the 1960’s onward. In addition, the Ethiopian Water Resources Management Policy and the Ethiopian Water Sector Strategy (2001) clearly laid out the importance of the irrigation and drainage sub-sector in the country’s development agenda going forward. The objective of this review paper is to over view the irrigation particularly small-scale irrigation development, its performance comparing with the total potential and challenges in the country and finally to draw some conclusions on major bottleneck. It is known that irrigation becomes more economically feasible and attractive when production focuses on high value crops such as fruits and vegetables which provide a higher ratio of revenues to costs than staple and other crops. Irrigation technologies and irrigated agronomic practices by smallholders are therefore showing increased uptake in various parts of the country, in many areas high value crop value chains remain underdeveloped, making it economically impossible for farmers to afford and fully benefit from irrigation and commercialization.
Abstract
Irrigation water has increased food security and improved living standards in many parts of the world. With a rapidly growing world population and a limited food supply, fifty years ago it was common to hear concerns of food shortages and mass starvation. Accordingly, Ethiopian Water Sector Strategy clearly stated that, irrigation development is key to the sustainable and reliable agricultural development, and thus for the overall economic development of the country. The geographical location of Ethiopia and its endowment with favorable climate provides a relatively higher amount of rainfall in the region. National Smallholder Irrigation and Drainage Strategy (NSIDS, 2016) indicated that, traditional, small-scale irrigation and drainage schemes have a long history in Ethiopia while larger-scale, commercially oriented schemes have been developed from the 1960’s onward. In addition, the Ethiopian Water Resources Management Policy and the Ethiopian Water Sector Strategy (2001) clearly laid out the importance of the irrigation and drainage sub-sector in the country’s development agenda going forward. The objective of this review paper is to over view the irrigation particularly small-scale irrigation development, its performance comparing with the total potential and challenges in the country and finally to draw some conclusions on major bottleneck. It is known that irrigation becomes more economically feasible and attractive when production focuses on high value crops such as fruits and vegetables which provide a higher ratio of revenues to costs than staple and other crops. Irrigation technologies and irrigated agronomic practices by smallholders are therefore showing increased uptake in various parts of the country, in many areas high value crop value chains remain underdeveloped, making it economically impossible for farmers to afford and fully benefit from irrigation and commercialization.
참고문헌 (26)
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