간호사의 뇌사자 장기이식에 대한 태도와 호스피스완화의료에 관한 지식 정도
Nurses’ Attitude toward Brain Death Organ Transplantation and their Knowledge of Hospice Palliative Care
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본 연구는 간호사의 뇌사자 장기이식에 대한 태도와 호스피스완화의료에 관한 지식의 정도를 파악하고 이들 변수 간의 관계를 확인하고자 시도되었다. 연구대상은 B 광역시 소재 3개 대학병원에서1년이상의 경력이 있는 238명의 간호사이었다. 연구 결과 대상자의 뇌사자 장기이식에 대한 태도점수는 평균 3.63±0.76점(5점 만점)으로 비교적 긍정적이었다. 하위요인별로는 뇌사를 죽음으로 인정, 장기이식의 돌봄, 뇌사인정의 위험성, 뇌사 장기기증에 대한 수용 순으로 나타났다. 호스피스완화의료에 관한 지식 점수는 평균 8.18±2.44점(20점 만점)으로 비교적 낮은 점수를 보였으나 최종학력, 직위에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론적으로 호스피스완화의료와 뇌사자 장기이식은 같은 법적 테두리에서 제도가 시행되고 있음에도 실제 호스피스현장에서는 관심을 받지 못하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 향후, 뇌사자 장기이식에 관한 간호사의 인식개선과 더불어 제도적인 보완을 위한 국가⋅정책적 차원의 지원을 제언한다.
Abstract
This study identified nurses' attitudes toward brain death organ transplantation and the degree of knowledge about hospice palliative care and confirmed the relationship between these variables. The data were collected from 238 nurses with a minimum of one year of working experience in the 3 University hospitals located in B metropolitan city. The study found that their attitude score on brain death organ transplantation was an average of 3.63±0.76 (out of 5 points). The most influential sub-factors in order include recognition of brain death as death, care of organ transplants, risk of brain death, and acceptance of organ donation. The average score of knowledge on hospice palliative care was 8.18±2.44/20 points, with statistically significant differences by terminal education and current position. Little attention has been given to hospice palliative care and brain death organ transplantation in hospice sites, despite the legal implementation of them. We proposed national-level policy support for institutional supplementation and awareness enhancement for brain death organ transplantation among nurses.
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