외상후 성장과 내러티브 재구성
Posttraumatic Growth and Narrative Reprocessing
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트라우마 사건은 외상후 스트레스 장애라는 반응 외에도 외상후 성장과 같은 긍정적인 변화를 가져올 수 있다. 본 논고에서는 외상후 성장에 주목할 것을 제안한다. 외상후 성장은 개인의 내적 동기와 힘이 매우 중요하며 지속적이고 반복적인 외부의 지원 또한 중요하다. 트라우마의 경험은 일생동안 경험하지 못한 사건이므로 세계관이나 기존 지식체계를 붕괴하게 되므로 현실이나 트라우마 사건 자체를 이해하기 어려울 수밖에 없다. 따라서 트라우마 경험이 외상후 성장으로 변화하기 위해서는 사건 자체와 개인의 삶의 변화를 있는 그대로 이해할 필요가 있다. 외상후 성장에 도움이 되는 도구로 내러티브 재구성을 제안하였다. 내러티브 재구성은 이야기 만들기, 구성하기, 검토하기, 자기상 그리기 등의 네 단계로 이루어져있으며, 트라우마 사건을 객관적인 사건과 개인의 경험을 연결하는 과정이다. 사건경험에 대한 이야기, 즉 트라우마 내러티브가 자연스럽고 응집성이 높아질수록 트라우마사건에 대한 이해가 높아지는 것이며 외상후 성장으로 나아갈 수 있다. 트라우마 생존자들의 외상후 성장으로의 변화를 돕기 위해서는 꾸준한 관찰과 지원이 필수적이다.
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder is a negative result of a traumatic event and posttraumatic growth is a positive result of traumatic event. We suggest that the focus on the term of posttraumatic growth. Posttraumatic grwoth is the experience of positive change that occurs as a result of the struggle with highly challenging life crises. It is manifested in a variety of ways including an increased sense of presonal strength, changed priorities and a external support continously and repetitively. It is difficult to understand of reality of the traumatic event itself because traditional knowledge systems are collapsed by traumatic events which never experience before lifetime. Therefore, it is necessary to change the lives of individuals as is the case with self-understanding in order to change the traumatic experienced by posttraumatic grwoth. We propose a intervention model the process of posttraumatic stress as narrative reprocessing which connect the traumatic events and individual experiences cases, including storytelling, mapping, review, self-empowering. It can be said the equal both of situations that trauma victims are more understading of traumatic event and that trauma narrative, a story about the experiences of traumatic event and that trauma narrative, a story about the experiences of traumatic event is a natural, increasing coherence, so that it comes to posttruamatic growth. It is important that longitudinal attention in order to support to trauma victims’ experiences change the posttraumatic growth.
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