DMZ 세계평화공원 내 UN 제5사무국 유치에 대한 고찰
A Study on the Inducement of the 5th UN Office in the Korean DMZ World Peace Park
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본 연구의 목적은 남북 간의 긴장완화를 위해 지금부터 실현가능한 방법을 모색하는 차원에서 DMZ 세계평화공원 내 UN 제5사무국의 유치를 위한 가능한 방법을 찾고자 한다. DMZ는 6·25전쟁 말에 UN군과 북한에 의해 설정됐다. 평화공원은 접경보호지역에서 평화와 협력을 촉진하기 위해 평화조성의 중요한 수단이다. 박대통령은 취임 초 미국 상하원 합동연설(2013.5.8)과 독일에서의 핵안보정상회담과 드레스덴 선언(2014.3.28)에서도 남북한과 UN이 함께 DMZ 세계평화공원에 대한 강한 의지를 드러냈다. DMZ 세계평화공원이 설립된다면 남북한 문제의 긴장완화와 신뢰구축으로 세계평화에 기여하게 될 것이다. 본 연구에서는 DMZ 세계평화공원과 병행하여 ‘UN 제5사무국’이 설립되기 위해서는 다음과 같은 방안을 제시할 수 있다. 첫째, 대북 경제지원 사업과 설득에 의한 관계개선, 둘째, 국제사회에 대한 UN 제5사무국 유치를 위한 외교력 필요, 셋째, DMZ 관련 사업을 종합적으로 통제할 수 있도록 대통령 혹은 국무총리 직속으로 된 컨트롤타워의 설치 등이다. 현재 경기도의 파주, 강원도의 철원, 연천, 고성 등이 DMZ 세계평화공원 유치 경쟁에 나서고 있다. 통일부는 후보지 조사 결과와 추가 연구용역 등을 바탕으로 DMZ 세계평화공원 기본계획을 마련할 예정이지만 남북관계 상황을 고려해 조심스럽게 움직일 전망이다. 남북관계는 지금부터라도 생태적·경제적 이익을 넘어 긴장완화와 신뢰구축으로 남북 간의 위기관리를 해야 할 것이다.
Abstract
This study explores a possibility of inducing the 5th UN office in the Korean DMZ world peace park. The Korean DMZ is a geographical region that was established at the end of the Korean War (27 July 1953) according to the Armistice Agreement between the United Nations Forces (UNF) and North Korea. Peace park has an important role in promoting peace and cooperation in a boundary areas. President Park strongly expressed a strong interest to establish DMZ world peace park with the United Nations at the Nuclear Security Summit and Dresden Declaration (28 March 2014, in Germany), and the United States House and Senate Joint (08 May 2013). DMZ world peace park is expected to contribute to relaxation and confidence to enhance peace in the Korean peninsula. The inducement of the 5th UN office with DMZ world peace park requires the following three improvements. First, we may introduce the New Village Movement ODA projects to North Korea. Second, we may play a role using a diplomatic skill in emphasizing a necessity of the 5th UN office in DMZ. Third, a control tower should be established under the direction supervison of President or the Prime Minister which can hold a comprehensively control of the DMZ-related businesses. One city in Gyeonggido (Paju) and three cities in Gangwondo (Cheolwon, Yeonchun, and Goseong) now compete with each other to host the DMZ world peace park. The Department of Unification in Korea is going to develop a plan to determine candidate regions considering the current condition of South-North relations. Beyond ecological and economic profit, ideological confrontation between North and South Korea should be also resolved by advancing the level of trust.
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