공간분석을 활용한 재난위험, 약자 및 대응력 간의 관계 해석 - 청주시를 대상으로 -
Spatial Analysis of the Relationship among Disaster Risk, Vulnerable Population and Response Capacity - The Case of Cheongju City -
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초록
재난약자는 상대적으로 재난 위험에 더욱 노출되어 있고 회복력도 낮기 때문에 효율적인 재난안전정책을 수립하는 데에 있어 매우 중요한 고려 요인이다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 재난약자에 초점을두고, 폭염과 침수를 대상으로 ‘재난위험-재난약자-대응력’ 간의 관계를 공간적으로 분석하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지역에 따라 재난약자의 분포특성과 재난안전에 대한 민감도가 다르게나타났다. 둘째, 재난약자가 재난 위험에 실제로 더 많이 노출되어 있고, 공간적으로 불평등이 발생하고 있음을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 공간계획과 공간정보가 재난안전정책에 반영되어야 하며, 사각지대 제거를 위한 대책이 요구되어짐을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 취약성 저감과 회복력 증진의 측면에서 재난약자에 초점을 두었다는 점에서 의의를 지니며, 정책 우선순위를 결정하고 ‘재난안전정의’ 를 실현하기 위한 기초를 마련하는 데에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
Vulnerable population should be considered in the design of effective disaster and safety polices because they are relatively more exposed but less resilient to damage from disasters. This study examined the spatial relationship among disaster risk, vulnerable population and response capacity for the cases of heat wave and inundation. The results were as follows. First, it was confirmed that the distributional characteristics of vulnerable population and their sensitivity of disaster risks were different by region. Second, spatial inequality was observed for vulnerable populations who are more exposed to disaster risk. These results suggest that spatial data and planning should be used to design disaster and safety policy, focusing on the elimination of “blind spots”. This study was meaningful in that it focused on reducing vulnerability and improving resilience for vulnerable population. The findings of this study are expected to help determine policy priorities and contribute to providing a foundation for “disaster safety justice”.
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