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한국과 중국의 감염병 재난관리 정책 정보에 관한 비교 -‘코로나19’재난관리과정을 중심으로 -

Comparison of Information on Infectious Disease Disaster Management Policies in Korea and China - Focusing on the ‘Covid-19’ Disaster Management Processs -

박성혁|이창길|이용후|염지인
(사)위기관리이론과실천 (Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis)|2024.01|Crisisonomy|제20권 제1호|pp. 1-21|DOI https://doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2024.20.1.1

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키워드

코로나19감염병Covid-19infectious diseases감염병 재난관리대응정책infectious disease disaster managementresponse policy

초록

본 연구는 기후변화와 세계화의 흐름 속 감염병 재난으로부터의 위험이 증대되고 있는 상황에서, 한국과중국의 감염병 재난관리체계에 대한 전반적인 검토와 더불어 코로나19 감염병 재난 상황에서 시간의흐름에 따라 두 국가의 대응 정책을 비교하여 최종적으로 정책적 함의를 도출하고자 하였다. 한국과중국의 재난 및 감염병 관련 법령과 조직, 감염병 재난관리체계를 종합적으로 검토하였고, 코로나19가최초로 발생한 이후 현재까지의 기간을 ‘발생 및 유입 단계’, ‘통제 및 관리 단계’, ‘적응 및 완화 단계’로구분하여 두 국가의 대응 정책과 확진자수를 비교하였다. 비교 결과 전반적인 엄격성은 중국이 높다고볼 수 있었으며, 단계에 따라 두 국가의 정책 기조 정도의 차이가 있었음을 확인하였다. 정책적 함의로이전 감염병 사례에 대한 환류를 통한 체계적 위기관리 시스템 구축, 방역과 개인 권리 사이의 적절한비교 형량, 공공의료인프라의 강화, 시민의식 제고와 감염병 교육 강화를 제시하였다.

Abstract

As the risk from infectious disease disasters is increasing due to climate change and globalization, this study sought to derive policy implications by reviewing the infectious disease disaster management systems of Korea and China and comparing two countries' policies over time in the COVID-19. This study conducted a comprehensive review of infectious disease disaster-related laws, organization, and management systems. It categorized the period from the occurrence of COVID-19 to the present into 'occurrence & inflow phase', 'control & management phase', and 'adaptation & mitigation phase’, comparing policies and comfirmed cases number. As a result of the comparison, the overall strictness was higher in China, and there were differences in the degree of policy stance of the two countries depending on the phase. As policy implications, suggested the establishment of crisis management system through learning from past infectious disease, finding an appropriate balance between disease prevention and individual rights, strengthening public medical infrastructure, and enhancing public awareness and education on infectious diseases.

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