국내 발전회사의 효율성과 생산성 비교분석 - DEA 및 Malmquist 생산성지수 모델을 중심으로 -
Comparative Analysis of Efficiency and Productivity of Domestic Power Generation Companies - Focusing on DEA and Malmquist Productivity Index Model -
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초록
최근 러시아·우크라이나 전쟁 및 국제 에너지 가격의 상승으로 인해 전력 구입단가는 소비자에게 전력을 판매하는 단가에 비해 상당히 높은 편이다. 이러한 원인으로 한전의 경영악화가 발생하였고, 전력산업 및 경제 전반에 악영향을 미치고 있다. 국민들에게 부담이 전가되지 않도록 전력 생산 분야에서 더 나은 경영성과를 이끌어 낼 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국내 발전회사 8곳을 대상으로 발전설비용량, 인원의 투입대비 매출액의 효율성 및 생산성을 비교분석하였다. 분석결과 2개의 사기업은 효율성이 최적의 상태인 것으로 나타났으며, 공기업은 사기업보다 효율성이 낮게 나타났다. 생산성을 분석한 결과 8개 기관 모두 증가하였다. 다만, 사기업의 상승률에 비해 공기업은 상대적으로 낮은 상승률을 보였다. 정부의 경영실적평가에 효율성 분석인 DEA를 포함하여 더 객관성 있고 신뢰성 있는 평가 방법을 고려할 필요가 있다.
Abstract
Due to the recent wars in Russia and Ukraine and the rise in international energy prices, the unit cost of purchasing electricity is significantly higher than the unit cost of selling electricity to consumers. This has led to a deterioration in KEPCO's management, which is having a negative impact on the power industry and the economy as a whole. it is necessary to achieve better management performance in the field of electricity generation so that the burden is not passed on to the people. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the efficiency and productivity of the amount of power generation facilities, personnel input, and sales for eight domestic power generation companies. The results showed that two private companies had optimal efficiency, while public companies were less efficient than private companies. When analyzing productivity, all eight organizations increased. However, compared to the increase of private companies, the increase of public companies was relatively low. There is a need to consider more objective and reliable evaluation methods, including DEA, an efficiency analysis, in the government's evaluation.
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