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후기청소년의 건강관련 삶의 질 영향요인 비교 - 2015~2019년 지역사회 건강조사 자료를 중심으로 -

Comparison of Factors Affecting Health Related Quality of Life in Late Adolescents - 2015~2019 Community Health Survey -

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초록

본 연구는 후기청소년의 건강관련 삶의 질 향상을 위한 건강관리 프로그램 개발에 앞서 기초자료를제공하고자 시도되었으며, 2015~2019년도 지역사회건강조사의 원시자료를 이차 분석하였다. 후기청소년의 HRQOL 영향요인에 대해 비교한 결과, 전 5개년에 걸쳐 주관적 건강상태가 증가할수록, 그리고 스트레스 정도가 낮을수록 HRQOL은 유의미하게 증가하였다. 2015~2017년에는 걷는 활동이, 2017년에는 격렬한 신체활동이 증가할수록 HRQOL은 감소하는 것으로 확인되었다. 2015년과2016년에는 소득수준이 높을수록 HRQOL이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 2018년에는 음주빈도가 높고흡연을 하는 경우에 HRQOL은 감소하는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 후기청소년의 HRQOL 향상을위한 프로그램 개발 시 주관적 건강상태 및 스트레스 관리에 대한 내용이 반드시 고려되어야 함을시사한다. 다만, 현 지역사회건강조사는 종단자료가 아니라 횡단자료의 누적분으로 시계열적 변화는 용이하게 파악할 수 있는 반면, 상호작용하는 건강 현상들의 인과적인 선후 관계를 파악할 수없다는 점에서 아쉬움이 남는다. 추후 청소년의 제특성과 HRQOL의 경향성을 고려한 종단연구를통해 HRQOL 영향요인의 변화추이를 확인해 볼 것을 제언한다.

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the health related quality of life of adolescents aged 19-24 years old using five years Community Health Survey (CHS) data from 2015 to 2019. Methods: A retrospective observational study design with secondary data analysis was conducted using the data of CHS. For data analysis, independent t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient were used. In order to identify the factors that affect HRQOL, multiple linear regression was used with EQ-5D index as a dependent variable. Statistical significance level was set at p<.05. Results: Over 95% of the study participants showed “no problem” in the areas of mobility, self-care, and usual activity of EQ-5D. However, in the area of pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, about 80% of the study participants showed “no problem”. The variables of subjective health or stress level significantly affected HRQOL for all five years. The variable of walking was a significant factor that affected to HRQOL from 2015-2017. Those who walked more had a significantly lower HRQOL. Only in 2018, the factors drinking and smoking significantly reduced HRQOL. Conclusion: The subjective health status and stress level should be considered to improve HRQOL of late adolescents.

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