Dynamics Among Domestic Institutions in the Development of Korean Foreign Worker Policies
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamics among various actors in the policy-making process of foreign worker policies(FWPs) in Korea. Interests of employers, non-governmental organizations, politicians strongly supported the development of foreign worker policies in Korea. The puzzle of this study arises from the relationship between economic recession and foreign worker policies. Though during or after an economic recession states tend to close doors to foreign workers, the number of foreign workers in Korea increased by and large despite the financial crisis of 1997. Unlike other countries who had experienced restrictive foreign worker policies with the economic recessions, the Korean government took rather expansionist policies. This study asks what factors caused this anomaly, what kinds of actors worked and in what processes they have taken. Taking both historical institutionalism and constructivism, it argues that employers(smalland medium-sized industries), human rights Non-governmental organizations(NGOs), political leaders and government officials have strongly supported the adoption of foreign worker policies, especially Employment Permit System(EPS). The convergence of their new interests and identities in accordance with the changing global trend was the strong driving force in the development of foreign worker policies. Though they have different backgrounds and reasons, they were identically in favor of accepting the foreign worker policies. This study reveals how their interests were different from and similar to each other and what kind of dynamics among those actors accelerated evolution of Korean foreign worker policies.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamics among various actors in the policy-making process of foreign worker policies(FWPs) in Korea. Interests of employers, non-governmental organizations, politicians strongly supported the development of foreign worker policies in Korea. The puzzle of this study arises from the relationship between economic recession and foreign worker policies. Though during or after an economic recession states tend to close doors to foreign workers, the number of foreign workers in Korea increased by and large despite the financial crisis of 1997. Unlike other countries who had experienced restrictive foreign worker policies with the economic recessions, the Korean government took rather expansionist policies. This study asks what factors caused this anomaly, what kinds of actors worked and in what processes they have taken. Taking both historical institutionalism and constructivism, it argues that employers(smalland medium-sized industries), human rights Non-governmental organizations(NGOs), political leaders and government officials have strongly supported the adoption of foreign worker policies, especially Employment Permit System(EPS). The convergence of their new interests and identities in accordance with the changing global trend was the strong driving force in the development of foreign worker policies. Though they have different backgrounds and reasons, they were identically in favor of accepting the foreign worker policies. This study reveals how their interests were different from and similar to each other and what kind of dynamics among those actors accelerated evolution of Korean foreign worker policies.
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