『베니스 상인』에서의 교환의 정의와 사회적 적대
Justice and Social Antagonism in The Merchant of Venice
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The Merchant of Venice is a seriously philosophical drama that explores the terms of justice in economic and social exchanges, exemplified by the flesh bond between Shylock and Antonio, the ring contract between Portia and Bassanio, and the legal procedures taken at the court on Shylock’s sue against Antonio’s defaulted debt. These exchanges are presented in the context of the early modern credit culture, in which self-interested individuals interact one another in competitions and negotiations for profit, where interpersonal exchanges are affected and constrained by the forces beyond personal desire, such as religious or sexual discriminations, prejudices against other economic or ethnic practices, and so on. What the flesh bond and the ring contract respectively suggest is that every social and economic exchange proceeds with a bargaining to set a just price for what is to be traded over, promoting amity between two concerned parties, but it is also fraught with the danger of adversarial confrontation and mutually destructive antagonism, due to equally justified desires of self-interested individuals, which is harmful not only to the individuals themselves but to the community at large. To such hazard, a dramatic solution is provided through the legal decisions and arrangements made at the Venetian court, in which the social rationality of the common good, with the back-up of the period’s moral and institutional apparatus of social trust derived from the ethical principles of faith and partial ownership, outweighs the private reason of self-interest.
Abstract
The Merchant of Venice is a seriously philosophical drama that explores the terms of justice in economic and social exchanges, exemplified by the flesh bond between Shylock and Antonio, the ring contract between Portia and Bassanio, and the legal procedures taken at the court on Shylock’s sue against Antonio’s defaulted debt. These exchanges are presented in the context of the early modern credit culture, in which self-interested individuals interact one another in competitions and negotiations for profit, where interpersonal exchanges are affected and constrained by the forces beyond personal desire, such as religious or sexual discriminations, prejudices against other economic or ethnic practices, and so on. What the flesh bond and the ring contract respectively suggest is that every social and economic exchange proceeds with a bargaining to set a just price for what is to be traded over, promoting amity between two concerned parties, but it is also fraught with the danger of adversarial confrontation and mutually destructive antagonism, due to equally justified desires of self-interested individuals, which is harmful not only to the individuals themselves but to the community at large. To such hazard, a dramatic solution is provided through the legal decisions and arrangements made at the Venetian court, in which the social rationality of the common good, with the back-up of the period’s moral and institutional apparatus of social trust derived from the ethical principles of faith and partial ownership, outweighs the private reason of self-interest.
참고문헌 (18)
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