An Aspect of English Loanword Adaptations to Vietnamese: Focusing on Consonants
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This study deals with the loanword adaptation processes from English to Vietnamese, focusing on how consonants and consonant clusters map in Vietnamese. Because of the syllable structure and phoneme differences between the two languages, the recipient language, Vietnamese, adopts types of repair strategies to change the English words structurally to be harmonious with Vietnamese. However, the application of repair strategies is not symmetrical. Feature changes and vowel epenthesis are adopted for unacceptable simple onsets and complex onset clusters, respectively. However, unacceptable simple codas undergo feature changes or deletion, and the segmental deletion tactic only applies to complex coda clusters. Concerning the choice of an epenthetic vowel, a default insertion vowel is a schwa, but a close front vowel [i] is selected if an onset cluster begins with the alveolar fricative /s/. Compared to this, only a deletion strategy applies to simplify the coda clusters. The coda condition or the two-mora restriction of Vietnamese determines the selection of a deleted coda. Thus, either a coda segment is not acceptable or a segment projecting a third mora gets deleted.
Abstract
This study deals with the loanword adaptation processes from English to Vietnamese, focusing on how consonants and consonant clusters map in Vietnamese. Because of the syllable structure and phoneme differences between the two languages, the recipient language, Vietnamese, adopts types of repair strategies to change the English words structurally to be harmonious with Vietnamese. However, the application of repair strategies is not symmetrical. Feature changes and vowel epenthesis are adopted for unacceptable simple onsets and complex onset clusters, respectively. However, unacceptable simple codas undergo feature changes or deletion, and the segmental deletion tactic only applies to complex coda clusters. Concerning the choice of an epenthetic vowel, a default insertion vowel is a schwa, but a close front vowel [i] is selected if an onset cluster begins with the alveolar fricative /s/. Compared to this, only a deletion strategy applies to simplify the coda clusters. The coda condition or the two-mora restriction of Vietnamese determines the selection of a deleted coda. Thus, either a coda segment is not acceptable or a segment projecting a third mora gets deleted.
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