제중원의 설립과 선교사들의 역할
The Founding of Jejungwon and Missionaries and its Roles
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Abstract
Jejungwon was the first westernstyle modern hospital in Korea. It was founded by Dr. H. N. Allen, who belonged to the Presbyterian Church of the U.S., in 1885. Allen consulted with the American embassy and the Presbyterian Mission Board when establishing the hospital. Due to these relationships, the institution was supported and controlled by the government and by the Mission Board. The roles of the hospital were several. First, it was a gateway to Korea for missionaries and Western culture. It was the starting point of Korea Mission. The native Korean Protestant church was established from the hospital. This organization was the beginning of modern higher education in Korea. However, the hospital was not managed well because it was staffed by government officers. Therefore, Dr. O. R. Avison reformed the hospital so that it was managed by the Mission Board. Avison also rebuilt the hospital with the financial support of Mr. Severance. He changed the institute’s name from Jejungwon to Severance Hospital.
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