이슬람 역 (曆) 수용과 스 발전

Abstract

This paper investigates the processes of acceptance and development of the Islamic calendar through the end of Korea and the beginning of the Chosun dynasty. Muslims have developed the variety of traditional calendars. The Islamic calendar which is used as a representative lunar calendar up to date, comes from the religious needs of informing the worship time and the Ramadan. Afterwards, it became the origin of Shoushi Calendar(授時曆) of Won Dynasty as well as Chiljeongsan(七政算) of Chosun dynasty. The concepts of 7 days of a week and adopting the 7th day as a Sabbath day in the Babylonian calendar and the Jewish calendar, with the generalization of church, have become the common concept in the world. The various Muslim calendars have not been accepted in direct to Korea. Instead, they have come into China, which became the origin of Guo Shou-Jing(郭守敬)‘s Shoushi Calendar in Won dynasty, and the Shoushi Calendar was introduced to Korean peninsular. Previously, calendars from China have existed in Korea. The Muin Calendar(戊寅曆) and the Indeouk Calendar(麟德曆) were introduced from China during the period of the Three States, and the Sunmyeong Calendar(宣明曆) of Tang dynasty was used before the Shoushi Calendar of Won dynasty was introduced. Various astronomical instruments in Sejong dynasty were influenced by the Shoushi Calendar of Won dynasty. Also, it is assumed that the Islamic calendar has an influence as the Islamic books are used during Chosun dynasty. Accordingly, the scientific developments achieved during Sejong dynasty are the results of the influences from the Islamic calendar and the Chinese calendar.