뇌가 마음을 설명할 수 있을까?
The explanation of mind processing based on brain study
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초록
전통적으로 철학과 심리학에서 인간의 마음을 설명하기 위한 다양한 관점이 있어 왔다. 최근 신경과학 및 뇌영상학의 발전으로 살아있는 뇌의 기능적 양상을 관찰하는 것이 가능해졌으며, 이러한 방법을 통해 두뇌의 작동방식으로 마음을 설명하려는 시도가 있어왔다. 특히 뇌기능자기공명영상은 혈액산소수준의존(blood oxygen level dependent: BOLD)을 통해 뇌의 기능적 활동양상을 확인하는 방법으로 시간의 흐름에 따른 뇌신경적 활성화를 측정할 수 있다. 뇌기능 연구 방법을 통해 실험과제에 따른 뇌기능적 영상을 획득할 수 있으며, 행동반응양상과 관련된 뇌기능 양상을 관찰할 수 있다. 또한 기능적 뇌연결성 분석을 통해 뇌의 각 영역이 다른 영역들과 어떠한 관계를 갖고, 네트워크를 형성하는지 파악할 수 있다. 체화된 인지적 관점에서 지능적 행동양식은 신체, 뇌, 그리고 환경이 상호작용하는 것을 강조한다. 최근 빠르게 발전하고 있는 계산인지신경과학 분야는 외부 환경에 따른 행동적 측면을 고려하여 신경적 활동 모델을 제안함으로써 뇌의 작동방식에 기인하여 마음을 설명하려는 시도를 하고 있다.
Abstract
Traditionally, there has been various approach in order to explain human mind in philosophy and psychology. Recently, the development of neuroscience and neuroimaging technique let available to investigate functional aspects on the human brain. Therefore, many researchers try to explain mind using neuroimaging technique. In particular, functional magnetic resonance image measures neural activities on the brain by detecting changes related to blood oxygen level dependent. We could acquire functional neuroimaging associated with behavioral response towards experimental task. Also, we could identify core brain networks using functional connectivity analysis. Embodied cognition has grown in importance in light of recent mind-body issue. In embodied cognition approach, intelligent behavioral pattern has emphasized interaction among body, brain response, and environment. Computational cognitive neuroscience suggest that neural modelling based on context condition, and explain human mind based on brain response.
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