요르단, 레바논, 시리아 내 팔레스타인 난민의 법적 지위와 갈등 양상 비교 연구

Abstract

This study aims to compare, analyze, and examine the differences in policies regarding the Palestinian refugees in Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria, focusing on the legal status of the refugees and the patterns of the conflict they experience in the host country. The Palestinian refugees have settled in different parts of the world in various forms, depending on the policies and stance toward them of the host country. Those in Jordan have been granted citizenship and enjoyed the same rights and benefits as Jordanian citizens under the favorable policies of the Jordanian government. On the other hand, Those in Lebanon live in an extremely restricted environment, being considered a threat to national security and stability. In Syria, they had received citizenship, rights, and benefits equivalent to Syrian citizens, excluding suffrage, but the Syrian civil war in 2011 has put them in a precarious situation. Sometimes, the Palestinian refugees cause conflicts within the host countries, regardless of their legal status and the environment they live in. In Lebanon, Palestinian resistance and armed groups, primarily based in the refugee camps, stand against Lebanese government forces and Israel. In Syria, the Palestinian refugees have been attacked by Syrian government forces, rebels, and the Islamic State (IS) as a direct impact of the Syrian civil war. Although the Palestinian Jordanians have a stable status compared to those in the other two countries, the conflict between and discrimination against the Transjordanian and those of Palestinian origin have escalated since the Black September, a series of clashes between Palestinian resistance and the Jordanian governments in 1970. By comparing and examining the situations of the Palestinian refugees in Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria, this study seeks to contribute to assessing the actual lives, non the fragmentary appearances of them, of the Palestinian refugees and enhancing the understanding of the Palestinian refugee group and communities.