에벤키 씨족명 접미사 분석

Abstract

In this study, all of the 393 Evenki clan names are classified according to the suffice type used, and the meanings and patterns of the changes in the suffixes are analyzed from the grammaticalization perspective. The aim is to reveal that the changes in the suffixes of the Evenki clan names are not simply a linguistic phenomenon, but are actually a very dynamic and systematic phenomenon characterized by a regularity that arose from the cognitive strategies employed by the speakers of the Evenki language. In this paper, the Evenki clan names are divided into clan names without clan markers (marker absence type) and clan names with markers (marker addition type). The former type of clan names was sub-divided into the final vowel type, the kin marker –n type, the intermediate –й type, the death plural marker –t type, and the later plural -l(r) type, while the latter type of clan names was sub-divided into the -gan/-gar, -gin/-gir, and -ki/-kši types. Each of these suffixes is observed to have been added to a clan name to give it a specific meaning and nuance. The results of the analysis showed that the majority of the clan names of the Evenki are of a systematic structure comprised of a root word and a suffix, and the patterns of changes were highly regular and orderly. The changes in the Evenki clan names occurred while centering on the final letter suffixes, and the transition occurred in the order of final vowel type → kin marker–n → intermediate -j →death plural marker –t → later plural marker -l(r) → and clan marker (gan/-gar, -gin/-gir). Not all clan names underwent the aforementioned grammaticalization process, and even in the cases of the clan names that did, the predominant clan name variations are different from clan to clan, with the determining factor being the subjective and objective circumstances of the clan in question. These changes arose from the grammaticalization phenomena, with inferences made based on metaphors, restructuralization caused by metonymy, subjectification, and pragmatic inferences acting as the mechanisms behind the changes.