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교육기대의 변화에 대한 성별 차이 연구

Gender Differences for Changes in Educational Expectations

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한국교육사회학회 (The Korean Society for Sociology of Education)|2010.06|교육사회학연구 (Korean Journal of Sociology of Education)|제20권 제2호|pp. 101-128|DOI 10.32465/ksocio.2010.20.2.005

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참고문헌

키워드

성차gender difference교육기대종단적 변화educational expectationlongitudinal change
주제분류교육학

초록

이 연구는 청소년들의 교육기대는 고정된 것이 아니라 그들이 성장함에 따라 변화한다는 가정에 기초하여, 교육기대의 종단적 변화의 경향성을 확인하고, 기대의 변화가 개인배경, 경험특성, 학교요인들과 어떻게 관련되어 있는가를 탐색했다. 또한 관련요인들의 영향력에 있어서 남녀간 차이를 비교하였다. 분석을 위하여 ‘한국청소년패널조사(KYPS)’의 중학교 2학년 패널들에 대한 3차(고등학교 1학년 시기)와 5차(고등학교 3학년 시기)년도 자료를 사용하였다. 연구의 결과는 고등학교과정을 거치면서 청소년들의 교육기대는 상승하기보다는 하락하는 경향이 있음을 보여주었다. 사회경제적 배경은 교육기대변화의 중요한 변인이었으며, 특히 어머니가 전업주부이거나 교육수준이 높을수록 자녀들의 교육기대는 상승하는 것으로 나타났다. 의미 있는 타자들의 영향력 가운데, 부모와 친구의 영향은 상대적으로 높았으며, 전문계 고등학교의 재학은 학생들의 교육기대를 유의미하게 냉각(cooling-out)시키는 경향이 강했다. 교육기대의 변화과정에서 관련변인들의 영향력에서 남녀간의 차이는 뚜렷했다. 특히 여학생들은 동성인 어머니의 교육수준에 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 형제자매가 많을수록 초기의 교육기대수준을 낮추는 경향이 있었다.

Abstract

Under an assumption that adolescents' educational expectations change as they mature, this study examined longitudinal changes and how those changes are associated with individual background, experiences, and school factors. For those relationships, gender differences were explored as well. This study used the third and fifth waves from KYPS (Korean Youth Panel Survey) data, indicating 10th and 12th grade, respectively, and utilized OLS regression. Results show that high school students' expectations decreased from 10th to 12th grade. Socioeconomic background was positively associated with changes in expectations. Specifically, students with a mother who has a high educational level or is a homemaker seemed to increase their earlier expectation level. For significant others, parents and peers had relatively higher effects than teachers on students’ changing expectations. Educational expectations of students who attended a vocational high school were significantly cooled out. It was clear that there was gender gap for the effects of variables of interest on change in educational expectation. Specifically, female students were more affected by mother's educational level than father's level. The number of siblings was negatively associated with expectation level of female.

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