1950년대 번역 장의 형성과 문학 번역 ― 국가권력, 자본, 문학의 구조적 상관성을 중심으로

Abstract

It was the 1950’s that the first translation champ was formed as literature system in Korean Translation. Translation was the main agenda over the society and culture. While each specific intention and recognition fight was developing, translation systematization has been formed. It was based on copyright, publication capital, culture main agent which had a sense of identity for cultural backwardness in the public opinion field. Government power promoted the importation of foreign books and literature translation business as a part of modernization projects. Government power exercised the right of the translation permission using censorship system with the government-supply translation of foreign books, publication, and distribution. It prevented publication of translated books other than Japanese books and anticommunism so it casted the unbalance of the translation. Publication capital promoted not only the increase of the amount of the translated publication, but also potential demand for the translation as the main subject which revitalized it. The publication capital had some problems in the peculiar condition and logic. That is, due to the unbalance of supply and demand for books lead the difficulties of the translated publication after Korean War. Also, as general publication – oriented was intended, not only the amount of translation increased and the translations were diverse, but also it was possible to compose the culturalism and commerciality of publication capital as the method of translated publication. In spite of the promulgation of copyright law, we didn’t affiliate with Universal Copyright Convention which helped translating foreign books without any regulations. The representation of the translated publication with publication capital is to promote the translation boom through planned publication with compete series of world literature and paperback. While the sense of identity for socio-cultural backwardness in intellectuals was causing resonance,cosmopolitanism set as the spirit of the times. Also, internal and spontaneous cosmopolitan biased translation and importation of the American literature. And it made Americanization and internalization. Munhakyesul has the features mentioned above. The reason that the translated publication of Munhakyesul was biased toward American literature and criticism of communism is the result from the awareness that America is the symbol of globalization. Also, it’s because the globalization was limited to only the Free World in the restrictionism of the times. And in this era, the intuitive anticommunism went to the extremes in the culture main agents as the defect from North Korea writers. Anti-Japanese, contradictory coexistence of dependence on Japan, the westernized bias on America were compatible in the 1950s. The features in this era will be studied how the features in the 1950s were transformed and reorganized afterwards.