한국 행정학의 연구논리에 관한 성찰
Reflections on the Logics of Inquiry of Public Administration in Korea
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이 글은 한국의 행정학 연구논리에 관해 성찰하고 그 과제를 제시해 본 것이다. 1945년 해방과 1948년 정부수립 이후 한국 국가 발전 과정에서의 관료제를 통한 행정의 공과를 개관하고 관료제의 역할 변화와 관련된 행정학의 연구논리의 시각 내지 접근방법의 변화에 관해 성찰했다. 국가 건설기와 경제 발전기에 한국 행정학이국가 발전과 행정발전에 지대한 공헌을 할 수 있었던 것은 도구적 합리성을 추구하는 실증적 경험적 연구의 논리가 기여한 바도 컸다. 그러나 민주화 이후에 대두된매우 복잡한 사회경제적인 문제를 개혁하고 정부의 행정을 혁신하기 위해서는 주류사회과학방법론만을 사용하는 연구에는 한계가 있기 때문에 해석학 및 비판이론적논리도 수용해야할 필요성이 커졌다. 이 글은 이와 같은 성찰을 배경으로 이 시대에요구되는 좀 더 적실한 연구의 논리를 추구하기 위해 행정철학사, 현상학, 해석학등을 검토하고 아울러 행정윤리에 관한 실천적 방안을 제안했다.
Abstract
This article deals with some reflections on the logics of inquiry of public administration in Korea. We have reviewed merits and demerits of bureaucracy in the processes of national development since the liberation of nation in 1945 and establishment of the Korean Government in 1948, and have evaluated changing emphasis of the logics of inquiry along with the transformation of bureaucracy. During the periods of the nation-building and industrialization, the positivistic empirical approach was regarded as appropriate to promote instrumental rationality. However, after democratization, there appeared various limits and defects of the mainstream social science methodology to properly deal with very complicated socio-economic problems and administrative reforms and innovation. In response to the growing demands for interpretative and critical approach, we have studied philosophical approaches to public administration, phenomenology, hermeneutics, and administrative ethics.
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