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Competing to Spend: Family Policy Reform in South Korea, 2002-2015

김정희|박한나|Jennifer Sejin Oh
이화사회과학원 (Ewha Institute of Social Sciences(EISS))|2017.04|사회과학연구논총 (Ewha Journal of Social Sciences)|제33권 제1호|pp. 143-180|DOI 10.16935/ejss.2017.33.1.005

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키워드

South Koreademocracywelfaresocial policyfamily policy
주제분류사회과학일반

초록

This paper examines the nature of South Korea’s recent social policy reform for children and the elderly since the early 2000s. Specifically, why have new family policies predominantly taken the form of cash benefits? Building on existing literature that identifies democracy and the structure of organized labor as main factors shaping welfare reform in East Asia, this paper argues that the nature of electoral competition in South Korea has driven major parties to embrace cash benefits that deliver immediate and tangible benefits to potential voters. The expansion in cash benefit measures has driven up social policy spending without commensurate investment in welfare institutions. In recent years, cash benefit measures are proving to be susceptible to retrenchment pressures.

Abstract

This paper examines the nature of South Korea’s recent social policy reform for children and the elderly since the early 2000s. Specifically, why have new family policies predominantly taken the form of cash benefits? Building on existing literature that identifies democracy and the structure of organized labor as main factors shaping welfare reform in East Asia, this paper argues that the nature of electoral competition in South Korea has driven major parties to embrace cash benefits that deliver immediate and tangible benefits to potential voters. The expansion in cash benefit measures has driven up social policy spending without commensurate investment in welfare institutions. In recent years, cash benefit measures are proving to be susceptible to retrenchment pressures.

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