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Baths, Bathing and Medicine in Ancient Rome
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In ancient Rome, bathing was popular as a remedial and preventive method. It is consistent with the characteristics of ancient medicine. In ancient times, medicine was open field and anyone who tried to treat could become a doctor. Unlike today, ancient people did not have a strict view of medical knowledge and treatment. Having a bath was a easy medical prescription for both physicians who propose it and patients who accept it. In ancient Rome, people could use large-scale public baths, thermae with proper temperature and equipment. It made bathing a more popular treatment. Hippocrates recognized the medical value of bathing. It was followed by Roman physicians influenced by Greek medicine. Asclepiades of Bithynia prescribed more drastic way than before, bathing using cold water. This prescription made him very popular in Rome. Roman physicians such as Celsus, Soranus, and Galenus prescribed bathing as a treatment for various diseases. Plinius had a number of descriptions on the medical effects of bathing. He and Vitruvius also reviewed what medical effects each spa had in different parts of Roman empire. Romans built baths in mineral spas and worshipped deities associated with them not only in Italy but throughout in the Roman empire. Grannus, Celtic healing deity was identified with Roman Apollo in Germania as Sulis did with Minerva in Britannia. Roman armies in each region built baths in spas as military medical facilities. In Bath of England, one of the most famous spa resorts from ancient times, we can find various archaeological evidences as temple ruins and tombstones. These are traces of Roman people who tried to be healed there. In ancient Rome, baths and bathing were essential not just for cleanliness and relaxation, but also for physical and psychological healing.
Abstract
In ancient Rome, bathing was popular as a remedial and preventive method. It is consistent with the characteristics of ancient medicine. In ancient times, medicine was open field and anyone who tried to treat could become a doctor. Unlike today, ancient people did not have a strict view of medical knowledge and treatment. Having a bath was a easy medical prescription for both physicians who propose it and patients who accept it. In ancient Rome, people could use large-scale public baths, thermae with proper temperature and equipment. It made bathing a more popular treatment. Hippocrates recognized the medical value of bathing. It was followed by Roman physicians influenced by Greek medicine. Asclepiades of Bithynia prescribed more drastic way than before, bathing using cold water. This prescription made him very popular in Rome. Roman physicians such as Celsus, Soranus, and Galenus prescribed bathing as a treatment for various diseases. Plinius had a number of descriptions on the medical effects of bathing. He and Vitruvius also reviewed what medical effects each spa had in different parts of Roman empire. Romans built baths in mineral spas and worshipped deities associated with them not only in Italy but throughout in the Roman empire. Grannus, Celtic healing deity was identified with Roman Apollo in Germania as Sulis did with Minerva in Britannia. Roman armies in each region built baths in spas as military medical facilities. In Bath of England, one of the most famous spa resorts from ancient times, we can find various archaeological evidences as temple ruins and tombstones. These are traces of Roman people who tried to be healed there. In ancient Rome, baths and bathing were essential not just for cleanliness and relaxation, but also for physical and psychological healing.
참고문헌 (57)
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