슈베르트의 괴테가곡 『서동시집』(West-Östlicher Divan) 중 4편의 시에 의한 가곡 연구

Abstract

Goethe named these poems as a 『West-Östlicher Divan』, because he meant this is an orientally influenced poem collection which is written by a western poet.「Suleika Ⅰ,Ⅱ」are originally written by one of Goethe's mistresses, Marienne von Willemer, but it was published under name of Goethe in early nineteenth century. In this study four songs from『West-Östlicher Divan』were discussed including「SuleikaⅠ,Ⅱ」,「Versunken」 and 「Geheimes」. In order to understand Schubert's characteristics, the study was focused on two different approaches including poetic analysis and musical analysis. Schubert rearranged the original poems and repeated certain lines at times to deliver the poem's meaning in his music effectively. The result148s of musical analysis revealed three unusual characteristics compare to his contemporaries including frequent use of modal mixture, the use of the Neapolitan 6th, and the 3rd below modulation. Schubert also fairly used the accompaniment and the voice part. Eventually the accompaniment part became as important as the voice part. The study showed Schubert's unique compositional style is always related with the poem, for instance, the piano part could also help to imply the mood or the story of the poem, and often the modal mixture expresses subtle emotional changes. Although there was almost no personal relationship between Schubert and Goethe, the combination of their work was remarkably valuable to people who love German Lied. Schubert's characteristics influenced to later generations.