진화경제학적 기술확산모형 연구
A Modelling of Technology Diffusion in the Evolutionary Economics Perspective
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초록
지식기반 경제와 학습경제로 이행함에 따라 기술지식이 새로운 성장동력으로 인식되고 있다. 이에 따라 토착지식의 개발은 물론 외국기술의 도입도 더 중요해지고 있다. 이 논문은 이 가운데에서도 기술지식의 도입, 즉 국제적 확산과정에 초점을 맞춘다. 기술지식의 국제적 확산과정을 결정하는 요인에 관한 ‘기술추격론’, 경제지리학의 관점, ‘자본주의의 다양성이론’을 검토한 후 이들이 제시하는 변수들이 기술의 확산과정을 부분적으로만 설명하고 있다는 점을 지적한다. 실증연구결과를 통해 이 논문은 기술지식의 국제적 확산과정, 즉 확산결정요인과 확산규모를 ‘도입국의 경제발전 단계’와 ‘도입기술의 유형’에 따라 이해할 것을 주장한다. 진화경제학의 이러한 ‘특수적’ 관점은 세 이론들의 ‘일반적’ 관점보다 현실을 더 잘 설명해 준다.
Abstract
The world economy is transformed to the knowledge-based economy and the learning economy, according to which technological knowledge is recognized as new driving forces for growth. Not only developing native technologies but also importing foreign technologies is necessary. This paper focuses its attention on the international technology diffusion process. I review ‘technology catch-up hypothesis’, the theory of ‘variety of capitalism’,IF these are formals, I think they should be capitalized economic geography regarding determinants of the international technology diffusion process, and argue that their variables explain only a part of the whole process. Based on empirical tests, this paper emphasizes the understanding that the international technology diffusion process including its determinants and diffusion size as consequence of the economic development stages of importing nations and the types of imported technological knowledge. This ‘specific’ viewpoint of Evolutionary Economics is superior to the ‘universal’ viewpoint of three theories in explaining the international technology diffusion.
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