湯顯祖의 文藝理論과 道家思想의 比較 硏究

Abstract

Tanx Xian Zu was one of prominent comedy writers and literary theorists in the dynasty of Ming. His posterity was deeply moved by his comedies, and his works have still been loved by today‘s people as well. Dao Jiao exerted a tremendous influence on his character building during his growth process, as his grandparents believed in it. It could be said that Dao Jiao is built on faith, and that Dao Jia is more like learning that is based on reason. His literary theory was under the influence of reason-oriented Dao Jia, rather than religious Dao Jiao. He believed that Qing was the substance of life. In a narrow sense, Qing was affection, but he thought that in a broad sense, that was an energy that generated life. In Dao Jia, however, Qing was perceived in association with Wu Qing, and that existed in the pure heart of human beings, not something artificial or schematic. Tang Xian Zu‘s perception of Qing was primarily built on this thought of Dao Jia, and then there was further progress in his idea of Qing, as he realized the nobility of life and tried to understand it. On the other hand, he thought that the arts was built on Zhen. According to him, literary works that lack Zhen couldn‘t be loved by people for a long time since there would be no life force in them. Zhang Zi approved of the value of Zhen as well, and claimed that lack of Zhen would make it impossible for people to let others know what‘s in their mind. Thus, Zhang Zi approved of the worth of Zenxin and Zenqing. Zhuang Zi thought that genuine Zhen could develop into Zenxin or Zenqing. Tang Xian Zu created his own unique literary theory under the influence of Zhuang Zi‘s thought. He believed it would be possible for one who tried to have a true heart to enter into the world of aesthetic experience that could touch not only himself or herself but others. Tang Xian Zu‘s two works, ”Nan Ke” and ”Han Dan,”.show that his comedies became more natural and excellent with the lapse of time. Critics of the next generations told his comedies were especially valuable and full of vitality since they were enjoyable by many people. This is what makes his works similar to the artistic theory of Dao Jia. Tang Xian Zu‘s comedies couldn‘t definitely be said to be well received by every critic of the next generations, but they have apparently been loved by people in general for a long time, and it‘s because the artistic theory of Dao Jia was naturally reflected in his works.